Can supervised exercise prevent treatment toxicity in patients with prostate cancer initiating androgen-deprivation therapy: A randomised controlled trial

Journal article


Cormie, Prue, Galvao, Daniel A., Spry, Nigel A., Joseph, David, Chee, Raphael, Taaffe, Dennis R., Chambers, Suzanne K. and Newton, Robert U.. (2015). Can supervised exercise prevent treatment toxicity in patients with prostate cancer initiating androgen-deprivation therapy: A randomised controlled trial. BJU International. 115(2), pp. 256 - 266. https://doi.org/10.1111/bju.12646
AuthorsCormie, Prue, Galvao, Daniel A., Spry, Nigel A., Joseph, David, Chee, Raphael, Taaffe, Dennis R., Chambers, Suzanne K. and Newton, Robert U.
Abstract

Objective: To determine if supervised exercise minimises treatment toxicity in patients with prostate cancer initiating androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT). This is the first study to date that has investigated the potential role of exercise in preventing ADT toxicity rather than recovering from established toxicities. Patients and Methods: Sixty-three men scheduled to receive ADT were randomly assigned to a 3-month supervised exercise programme involving aerobic and resistance exercise sessions commenced within 10 days of their first ADT injection (32 men) or usual care (31 men). The primary outcome was body composition (lean and fat mass). Other study outcomes included bone mineral density, physical function, blood biomarkers of chronic disease risk and bone turnover, general and prostate cancer-specific quality of life, fatigue and psychological distress. Outcomes were compared between groups using analysis of covariance adjusted for baseline values. Results: Compared to usual care, a 3-month exercise programme preserved appendicular lean mass (P = 0.019) and prevented gains in whole body fat mass, trunk fat mass and percentage fat with group differences of −1.4 kg (P = 0.001), −0.9 kg (P = 0.008) and −1.3% (P < 0.001), respectively. Significant between-group differences were also seen favouring the exercise group for cardiovascular fitness (peak oxygen consumption 1.1 mL/kg/min, P = 0.004), muscular strength (4.0–25.9 kg, P ≤ 0.026), lower body function (–1.1 s, P < 0.001), total cholesterol: high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol ratio (–0.52, P = 0.028), sexual function (15.2, P = 0.028), fatigue (3.1, P = 0.042), psychological distress (–2.2, P = 0.045), social functioning (3.8, P = 0.015) and mental health (3.6–3.8, P ≤ 0.022). There were no significant group differences for any other outcomes. Conclusion: Commencing a supervised exercise programme involving aerobic and resistance exercise when initiating ADT significantly reduced treatment toxicity, while improving social functioning and mental health. Concurrent prescription of supervised exercise when initiating ADT is therefore advised to minimise morbidity associated with severe hypogonadism.

Keywordsprostate cancer; androgen deprivation; exercise; resistance; aerobic
Year2015
JournalBJU International
Journal citation115 (2), pp. 256 - 266
PublisherBlackwell Publishing Ltd
ISSN1464-4096
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1111/bju.12646
Scopus EID2-s2.0-84921545949
Page range256 - 266
Research GroupInstitute for Health and Ageing
Publisher's version
File Access Level
Controlled
Place of publicationUnited Kingdom
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Leary, Brian K., Statler, Jason, Hopkins, Britton, Fitzwater, Rachael, Kesling, Tucker, Lyon, Jacob, Phillips, Brett, Bryner, Randell W., Cormie, Prue and Haff, Gregory G.. (2012). The relationship between isometric force-time curve characteristics and club head speed in recreational golfers. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 26(10), pp. 2685 - 2697. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e31826791bf
Principles of athlete testing
Newton, Robert U., Cormie, Prue and Cardinale, Marco. (2011). Principles of athlete testing. In In Cardinale, Marco, Newton, Rob and Nosaka, Kazunori (Ed.). Strength and conditioning : Biological principles and practical applications pp. 255-270 Wiley-Blackwell.
Influence of muscle-tendon unit structure on rate of force development during the squat, countermovement, and drop jumps
Earp, Jacob E., Kraemer, William J., Cormie, Prue, Volek, Jeffery S., Maresh, Carl M., Joseph, Michael and Newton, Robert U.. (2011). Influence of muscle-tendon unit structure on rate of force development during the squat, countermovement, and drop jumps. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 25(2), pp. 340 - 347. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3182052d78
Developing maximal neuromuscular power: Part 1 - Biological basis of maximal power production
Cormie, Prue, McGuigan, Michael R. and Newton, Robert U.. (2011). Developing maximal neuromuscular power: Part 1 - Biological basis of maximal power production. Sports Medicine. 41(1), pp. 17 - 38. https://doi.org/10.2165/11537690-000000000-00000
Efficacy and safety of a modular multi-modal exercise program in prostate cancer patients with bone metastases: a randomized controlled trial
Galvao, Daniel, Taaffe, D R, Cormie, P, Spry, Nigel, Chambers, Suzanne, Peddle-McIntyre, C, Baker, Michael, Denham, James, Joseph, David and Groom, Geoff. (2011). Efficacy and safety of a modular multi-modal exercise program in prostate cancer patients with bone metastases: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Cancer. 11(13), pp. 517 - 523. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2407-11-517
Developing maximal neuromuscular power: Part 2 training considerations for improving maximal power production
Cormie, Prue, McGuigan, Michael R. and Newton, Robert U.. (2011). Developing maximal neuromuscular power: Part 2 training considerations for improving maximal power production. Sports Medicine. 41(2), pp. 125 - 146. https://doi.org/10.2165/11538500-000000000-00000
Influence of strength on magnitude and mechanisms of adaptation to power training
Cormie, Prue, McGuigan, Michael and Newton, Robert U.. (2010). Influence of strength on magnitude and mechanisms of adaptation to power training. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 42(8), pp. 1566 - 1581. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181cf818d
Changes in the eccentric phase contribute to improved stretch-shorten cycle performance after training
Cormie, Prue, McGuigan, Michael and Newton, Robert U.. (2010). Changes in the eccentric phase contribute to improved stretch-shorten cycle performance after training. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 42(9), pp. 1731 - 1744. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181d392e8
Adaptations in athletic performance after ballistic power versus strength training
Cormie, Prue, McGuigan, Michael and Newton, Robert U.. (2010). Adaptations in athletic performance after ballistic power versus strength training. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 42(8), pp. 1582 - 1598. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181d2013a
Muscle deoxygenation during repeated sprint running: Effect of active vs. Passive recovery
Buchheit, M., Cormie, Prue, Abbiss, Chris R., Ahmaidi, S., Nosaka, K and Laursen, P B.. (2009). Muscle deoxygenation during repeated sprint running: Effect of active vs. Passive recovery. International Journal of Sports Medicine. 30(6), pp. 418 - 425. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0028-1105933
Power-time, force-time, and velocity-time curve analysis of the countermovement jump: Impact of training
Cormie, Prue, McBride, Jeffrey M. and McCaulley, Grant O.. (2009). Power-time, force-time, and velocity-time curve analysis of the countermovement jump: Impact of training. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 23(1), pp. 177 - 186. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181889324
Acute hormonal and neuromuscular responses to hypertrophy, strength and power type resistane exercise
McCaulley, Grant O., McBride, Jeffrey M., Cormie, Prue, Hudson, Matthew B., Nuzzo, James L., Quindry, John C. and Triplett, N. Travis. (2009). Acute hormonal and neuromuscular responses to hypertrophy, strength and power type resistane exercise. European Journal of Applied Physiology. 105(5), pp. 695 - 704. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-008-0951-z
Comparison of methods to quantify volume during resistance exercise
McBride, Jeffrey M., McCaulley, Grant O., Cormie, Prue, Nuzzo, James L., Cavill, Michael J. and Triplett, N. Travis. (2009). Comparison of methods to quantify volume during resistance exercise. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 23(1), pp. 106 - 110. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e31818efdfe
Does an optimal load exist for power training?
Cormie, Prue and Flanagan, Sean P.. (2008). Does an optimal load exist for power training? Strength and Conditioning Journal. 30(2), pp. 67 - 69. https://doi.org/10.1519/SSC.0b013e31816a8776
Trunk muscle activity during stability ball and free weight exercises
Nuzzo, James L., McCaulley, Grant O., Cormie, Prue, Cavill, Michael J. and McBride, Jeffrey M.. (2008). Trunk muscle activity during stability ball and free weight exercises. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 22(1), pp. 95 - 102. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e31815ef8cd
Influence of preactivity and eccentric muscle activity on concentric performance during vertical jumping
McBride, Jeffrey M., McCaulley, Grant O. and Cormie, Prue. (2008). Influence of preactivity and eccentric muscle activity on concentric performance during vertical jumping. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 22(3), pp. 750 - 757. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e31816a83ef
Relationship between countermovement jump performance and multijoint isometric and dynamic tests of strength
Nuzzo, James L., McBride, Jeffrey M., Cormie, Prue and McCaulley, Grant O.. (2008). Relationship between countermovement jump performance and multijoint isometric and dynamic tests of strength. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 22(3), pp. 699 - 707. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e31816d5eda
Power-time, force-time, and velocity-time curve analysis during the jump squat: Impact of load
Cormie, Prue, McBride, Jeffrey M. and McCaulley, Grant O.. (2008). Power-time, force-time, and velocity-time curve analysis during the jump squat: Impact of load. Journal of Applied Biomechanics. 24(2), pp. 112 - 120. https://doi.org/10.1123/jab.24.2.112
Neuromuscular and endocrine responses of elite players during an Australian rules football season
Cormack, Stuart John, Newton, Robert U., McGuigan, Michael R. and Cormie, Prue. (2008). Neuromuscular and endocrine responses of elite players during an Australian rules football season. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 3(4), pp. 439 - 453. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.3.4.439
The influence of body mass on calculation of power during lower-body resistance exercises
Cormie, Prue, McBride, Jeffrey M. and McCaulley, Grant O.. (2007). The influence of body mass on calculation of power during lower-body resistance exercises. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 21(4), pp. 1042 - 1049. https://doi.org/10.1519/R-21636.1
Mechanical efficiency during repetitive vertical jumping
McCaulley, Grant O., Cormie, Prue, Cavill, Michael J., Nuzzo, James L., Urbiztondo, Zea G. and McBride, Jeffrey M.. (2007). Mechanical efficiency during repetitive vertical jumping. European Journal of Applied Physiology. 101(1), pp. 115 - 123. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-007-0480-1
Optimal loading for maximal power output during lower-body resistance exercises
Cormie, Prue, McCaulley, Grant O., Triplett, N. Travis and McBride, Jeffrey M.. (2007). Optimal loading for maximal power output during lower-body resistance exercises. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 39(2), pp. 340 - 349. https://doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000246993.71599.bf
Methodological concerns for determining power output in the jump squat
Cormie, Prue, Deane, Russell and McBride, Jeffrey M.. (2007). Methodological concerns for determining power output in the jump squat. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 21(2), pp. 424 - 430. https://doi.org/10.1519/R-19605.1
Power versus strength-power jump squat training: Influence on the load-power relationship
Cormie, Prue, McCaulley, Grant O. and McBride, Jeffrey M.. (2007). Power versus strength-power jump squat training: Influence on the load-power relationship. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 39(6), pp. 996 - 1003. https://doi.org/10.1097/mss.0b013e3180408e0c
Validation of power measurement techniques in dynamic lower body resistance exercises
Cormie, Prue, McBride, Jeffrey M. and McCaulley, Grant O.. (2007). Validation of power measurement techniques in dynamic lower body resistance exercises. Journal of Applied Biomechanics. 23(2), pp. 103 - 118. https://doi.org/10.1123/jab.23.2.103
Acute effects of whole-body vibration on muscle activity, strength, and power
Cormie, Prue, Deane, Russell, Triplett, N. Travis and McBride, Jeffrey M.. (2006). Acute effects of whole-body vibration on muscle activity, strength, and power. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 20(2), pp. 257 - 261. https://doi.org/10.1519/R-17835.1
Isometric squat force output and muscle activity in stable and unstable conditions
McBride, Jeffrey M., Cormie, Prue and Deane, Russell. (2006). Isometric squat force output and muscle activity in stable and unstable conditions. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 20(4), pp. 915 - 918. https://doi.org/10.1519/R-19305.1
Anthropometric and physical abilities profiles: US National Skeleton Team.
Sands, William A., Smith, L. Sarah L., Kivi, Derek M. R., McNeal, Jeni R., Dorman, Jason, Stone, Michael H. and Cormie, Prue. (2005). Anthropometric and physical abilities profiles: US National Skeleton Team. Sports Biomechanics. 4(2), pp. 197 - 214. https://doi.org/10.1080/14763140508522863