Long-term effects of high-intensity resistance and endurance exercise on plasma leptin and ghrelin in overweight individuals: The RESOLVE Study

Journal article


Tremblay, Angelo, Dutheil, Frédéric, Drapeau, Vicky, Metz, Lore, Lesour, Bruno, Chapier, Robert, Pereira, Bruno, Verney, Julien, Baker, Julien S., Vinet, Agnes, Walther, Guillaume, Obert, Phillippe, Courteix, Daniel and Thivel, David. (2019). Long-term effects of high-intensity resistance and endurance exercise on plasma leptin and ghrelin in overweight individuals: The RESOLVE Study. Applied Physiology, Nutrition and Metabolism. 44(11), pp. 1172 - 1179. https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2019-0019
AuthorsTremblay, Angelo, Dutheil, Frédéric, Drapeau, Vicky, Metz, Lore, Lesour, Bruno, Chapier, Robert, Pereira, Bruno, Verney, Julien, Baker, Julien S., Vinet, Agnes, Walther, Guillaume, Obert, Phillippe, Courteix, Daniel and Thivel, David
Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of high-intensity resistance and endurance exercise on body composition and plasma leptin and ghrelin concentrations in overweight individuals. One hundred participants were randomly assigned to 3 exercise interventions: high-resistance–low-aerobic exercise (Re), low-resistance–high-aerobic exercise (rE), low-resistance–low-aerobic exercise (re). Interventions began with 3 weeks of residential supervision (phase 1) after which participants had to manage the physical activity programs individually (phase 2). Body composition and plasma variables were measured at baseline and after phase 1 as well as after 3, 6, and 12 months. Significant decreases in body weight and fat were observed after phase 1 (p < 0.001) and continued at a lower rate for up to 3 months and then remained stable for the rest of the protocol. Once a body weight plateau was reached, body fat loss after the Re and rE conditions exceeded the fat loss observed in the re condition by 1.5–2 kg (p < 0.05). Leptin was significantly decreased after day 21 and month 3 (p < 0.001) and remained stable for the rest of the study. Ghrelin was significantly increased after day 21 and month 3 (p < 0.001) and returned to a level comparable to baseline between month 6 and 12 when body weight and fat had reached a plateau. In conclusion, this study reinforces the idea that an increase in exercise intensity may accentuate body fat loss before the occurrence of a body weight plateau. Resistance to further fat loss was accompanied by a decrease in plasma leptin and an increase in plasma ghrelin.

Keywordsobesity; physical activity; energy; appetite; hormones; fat.
Year2019
JournalApplied Physiology, Nutrition and Metabolism
Journal citation44 (11), pp. 1172 - 1179
PublisherCanadian Science Publishing
ISSN1715-5320
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2019-0019
Scopus EID2-s2.0-85074152345
Page range1172 - 1179
Research GroupSports Performance, Recovery, Injury and New Technologies (SPRINT) Research Centre
Publisher's version
File Access Level
Controlled
Place of publicationCanada
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