Predicting football injuries using size and ratio of the multifidus and quadratus lumborum muscles

Journal article

Hides, Julie and Stanton, Warren. (2017). Predicting football injuries using size and ratio of the multifidus and quadratus lumborum muscles. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports. 27(4), pp. 440 - 447. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.12643
AuthorsHides, Julie and Stanton, Warren
Abstract

Deficits in muscles of the lumbo‐pelvic region, such as a relatively small multifidus muscle, have been used to predict lower limb injuries in professional football players. Results have been less consistent for the size of the quadratus lumborum (QL) muscle. Changes in size of the multifidus and QL muscles could be functionally related to each other, and modeling this relationship could improve prediction of lower limb injuries. Ultrasound imaging examinations were performed on male elite football players at the start of the Australian Football League (AFL) pre‐season and playing season. Injury data were obtained from records collected by each club. Results indicated that the cross‐sectional area of the multifidus muscle was related to the occurrence of an injury in the pre‐season (odds ratio [OR] = 2.08/cm2decrease below the mean; OR for dichotomized measure = 12.2) and in the season (OR = 2.43/cm2). The size of the QL muscle was significantly related to an injury in the pre‐season (OR = 2.12/cm2 increase above the mean; OR for dichotomized measure = 7.26) but not in the season. A significant link was found between the ratio of the multifidus and QL muscles, and the incidence of pre‐season (OR = 14.71) and season injuries (OR = 5.29). The sensitivity and specificity of the model in the pre‐season were 75% and 85.7%, respectively; values for the playing season were 88.4% and 62.5%. A model was developed for prediction of lower limb injuries in football players. Combining size measurements of the multifidus and QL muscles improved predictive power. This information may have clinical implications for injury screening and prevention.

Year2017
JournalScandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports
Journal citation27 (4), pp. 440 - 447
PublisherWiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
ISSN0905-7188
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.12643
Scopus EID2-s2.0-84953807559
Page range440 - 447
Research GroupMary MacKillop Institute for Health Research
Publisher's version
File Access Level
Controlled
Place of publicationUnited Kingdom
EditorsS. Harridge
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Grimaldi, Alison, Richardson, Carolyn, Durbridge, Gail, Donnelly, William, Darnell, Ross and Hides, Julie Anne. (2009). The association between degenerative hip joint pathology and size of the gluteus maximus and tensor fascia lata muscles. Manual Therapy. 14(6), pp. 611 - 617. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.math.2008.11.002
The effect of chronic low back pain on size and contraction of the lumbar multifidus muscle
Wallwork, Tracy, Stanton, Warren, Freke, Matt and Hides, Julie. (2009). The effect of chronic low back pain on size and contraction of the lumbar multifidus muscle. Manual Therapy. 14(5), pp. 496 - 500. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.math.2008.09.006
Effect of prolonged bed rest on the anterior hip muscles
Mendis, Dilani, Hides, Julie, Wilson, Stephen, Grimaldi, Alison, Belavy, Daniel, Stanton, Warren, Felsenberg, Dieter, Rittweger, Jorn and Richardson, Carolyn A.. (2009). Effect of prolonged bed rest on the anterior hip muscles. Gait & Posture. 30(4), pp. 533 - 537. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2009.08.002
The association between degenerative hip joint pathology and size of the gluteus medius, gluteus minimus and piriformis muscles
Grimaldi, Alison, Richardson, Carolyn, Stanton, Warren Robert, Durbridge, Gail, Donnelly, William and Hides, Julie Anne. (2009). The association between degenerative hip joint pathology and size of the gluteus medius, gluteus minimus and piriformis muscles. Manual Therapy. 14(6), pp. 605 - 610. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.math.2009.07.004
Altered response of the anterolateral abdominal muscles to stimulated weight-bearing in subjects with low back pain
Hides, Julie, Belavy, Daniel, Cassar, Lana, Willia, Michelle, Wilson, Stephen and Richardson, Carolyn A.. (2009). Altered response of the anterolateral abdominal muscles to stimulated weight-bearing in subjects with low back pain. European Spine Journal. 18(3), pp. 410 - 418. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00586-008-0827-2
Is 'ideal' sitting posture real?: Measurement of spinal curves in four sitting postures
Claus, Andrew, Hides, Julie, Moseley, G. Lorimer and Hodges, Paul. (2009). Is 'ideal' sitting posture real?: Measurement of spinal curves in four sitting postures. Manual Therapy. 14(4), pp. 404 - 408. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.math.2008.06.001
MRI study of the size, symmetry and function of the trunk muscles among elite cricketers with and without low back pain
Hides, Julie, Stanton, Warren, Freke, Matt, Wilson, Stephen, McMahon, Shaun and Richardson, Carolyn A.. (2008). MRI study of the size, symmetry and function of the trunk muscles among elite cricketers with and without low back pain. British Journal of Sports Medicine. 42(10), pp. 809 - 813. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2007.044024
Sitting versus standing: Does the intradiscal pressure cause disc degeneration or low back pain?
Claus, Andrew, Hides, Julie, Moseley, G. Lorimer and Hodges, Paul. (2008). Sitting versus standing: Does the intradiscal pressure cause disc degeneration or low back pain? Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology. 18(4), pp. 550 - 558. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelekin.2006.10.011
Resistive simulated weightbearing exercise with whole body vibration reduces lumbar spine deconditioning in bed-res
Belavy, Daniel, Hides, Julie, Wilson, Stephen, Stanton, Warren, Dimeo, Fernando, Rittweger, Jorn, Felsenberg, Dieter and Richardson, Carolyn A.. (2008). Resistive simulated weightbearing exercise with whole body vibration reduces lumbar spine deconditioning in bed-res. Spine. 33(5), pp. 121 - 131. https://doi.org/10.1097/BRS.0b013e3181657f98
Effect of stabilization training on multifidus muscle cross-sectional area among young elite cricketers with low back pain
Hides, Julie, Stanton, Warren, McMahon, Shaun, Si, K. and Richardson, Carolyn A.. (2008). Effect of stabilization training on multifidus muscle cross-sectional area among young elite cricketers with low back pain. Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy. 38(3), pp. 101 - 108. https://doi.org/10.2519/jospt.2008.2658
Multifidus size and symmetry among chronic IBP and healthy asymptomatic subjects
Hides, Julie, Gilmore, Craig, Stanton, Warren and Bohlscheid, Emma. (2008). Multifidus size and symmetry among chronic IBP and healthy asymptomatic subjects. Manual Therapy. 13(1), pp. 43 - 49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.math.2006.07.017
Cyclic pneumatic soft-tissue compression enhances recovery following fracture of the distal radius: a randomised controlled trial
Challis, Murray, Jull, Gwendolen, Stanton, Warren and Welsh, Mark. (2007). Cyclic pneumatic soft-tissue compression enhances recovery following fracture of the distal radius: a randomised controlled trial. Journal of Physiotherapy. 53(4), pp. 247 - 252. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0004-9514(07)70005-3
Assessment of abdominal muscle function during a simulated unilateral weigh bearing task using ultrasound imaging
Hides, Julie, Wong, Ian, Wilson, Stephen, Belavy, Daniel and Richardson, Carolyn A.. (2007). Assessment of abdominal muscle function during a simulated unilateral weigh bearing task using ultrasound imaging. Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy. 37(8), pp. 467 - 471. https://doi.org/10.2519/jospt.2007.2417
Ultrasound imaging assessment of abdominal muscle function during drawing-in of the abdominal wall: an intrarater reliability study
Richardson, Carolyn A., Miokovic, Tanja, Belavy, Daniel, Stanton, Warren and Hides, Julie. (2007). Ultrasound imaging assessment of abdominal muscle function during drawing-in of the abdominal wall: an intrarater reliability study. Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy. 37(8), pp. 480 - 486. https://doi.org/10.2519/jospt.2007.2416
Rehabilitative ultrasound imaging of the posterior paraspinal muscles
Stokes, Maria, Hides, Julie, Elliott, James, Kiesel, Kyle and Hodges, Paul. (2007). Rehabilitative ultrasound imaging of the posterior paraspinal muscles. Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy. 37(10), pp. 581 - 595. https://doi.org/10.2519/jospt.2007.2599
Rehabilitative ultrasound imaging of the abdominal muscles
Teyhen, Deydre, Gill, Norman, Whitake, Jackie, Henry, Sharon, Hides, Julie and Hodges, Paul. (2007). Rehabilitative ultrasound imaging of the abdominal muscles. Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy. 37(8), pp. 450 - 466. https://doi.org/10.2519/jospt.2007.2558
Magnetic resonance imaging assessment of trunk muscles during prolonged bed rest
Hides, Julie, Belavy, Daniel, Stanton, Warren, Wilson, Stephen, Rittweger, Jorn, Felsenberg, Dieter and Richardson, Carolyn A.. (2007). Magnetic resonance imaging assessment of trunk muscles during prolonged bed rest. Spine. 32(15), pp. 1687 - 1692. https://doi.org/10.1097/BRS.0b013e318074c386
Intrarater and interrater reliability of assessment of lumbar multifidus thickness using rehabilitative ultrasound imaging
Wallwork, Tracy, Hides, Julie and Stanton, Warren. (2007). Intrarater and interrater reliability of assessment of lumbar multifidus thickness using rehabilitative ultrasound imaging. Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy. 37(10), pp. 608 - 612. https://doi.org/10.2519/jospt.2007.2418
Lateral positioning of ventilated intensive care patients: A study of oxygenation, respiratory mechanics, hemodynamics, and adverse events
Thomas, Peter, Paratz, Jennifer, Lipman, Jeffery and Stanton, Warren. (2007). Lateral positioning of ventilated intensive care patients: A study of oxygenation, respiratory mechanics, hemodynamics, and adverse events. Heart & Lung: the journal of acute and critical care. 36(4), pp. 277 - 286. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrtlng.2006.10.008
Determinants of stages of smoking uptake among secondary school students
Baade, Peter and Stanton, Warren. (2006). Determinants of stages of smoking uptake among secondary school students. Addictive Behaviors. 31(1), pp. 143 - 148. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2005.04.007
Sitting posture affects pelvic floor muscle activity in parous women: An observational study
Sapsford, Ruth, Richardson, Carolyn A. and Stanton, Warren. (2006). Sitting posture affects pelvic floor muscle activity in parous women: An observational study. Journal of Physiotherapy. 52(3), pp. 219 - 222. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0004-9514(06)70031-9
Predictors of smoking cessation processes among secondary school students
Stanton, Warren, Baade, Peter and Moffatt, Jenny. (2006). Predictors of smoking cessation processes among secondary school students. Substance Use and Misuse. 41(13), pp. 1683 - 1694. https://doi.org/10.1080/10826080601006284
An MRI investigation into the function of the transversus abdominis muscle during "drawing-in" of the abdominal wall
Hides, Julie, Wilson, Stephen, Stanton, Warren, McMahon, Shaun, Keto, Heidi, McMahon, Catherine, Bryant, Mary and Richardson, Carolyn A.. (2006). An MRI investigation into the function of the transversus abdominis muscle during "drawing-in" of the abdominal wall. Spine. 31(6), pp. 175 - 178. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.brs.0000202740.86338.df
The use of real-time ultrasound imaging for biofeedback of lumbar multifidus muscle contraction in healthy subjects
Van, Khai, Hides, Julie and Richardson, Carolyn A.. (2006). The use of real-time ultrasound imaging for biofeedback of lumbar multifidus muscle contraction in healthy subjects. Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy. 36(12), pp. 920 - 925. https://doi.org/10.2519/jospt.2006.2304
Low back pain patients demonstrate increased hip extensor muscle activity during standardized submaximal rotational efforts
Pirouzi, Soraya, Hides, Julie, Richardson, Carolyn A., Darnell, Ross and Toppenberg, Rowena. (2006). Low back pain patients demonstrate increased hip extensor muscle activity during standardized submaximal rotational efforts. Spine. 31(26), pp. 999 - 1005. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.brs.0000250076.74366.9d
Positioning practices for ventilated intensive care patients: Current practice, indications and contraindications
Thomas, Peter, Paratz, Jennifer, Stanton, Warren, Deans, Renae and Lipman, Jeffery. (2006). Positioning practices for ventilated intensive care patients: Current practice, indications and contraindications. Australian Critical Care. 19(4), pp. 122 - 132. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1036-7314(06)80025-1
Community perceptions of suspicious pigmented skin lesions: are they accurate when compared to general practitioners?
Baade, Peter, Balanda, Kevin, Stanton, Warren, Lowe, John and Del Mar, Chris B.. (2005). Community perceptions of suspicious pigmented skin lesions: are they accurate when compared to general practitioners? Cancer Epidemiology: the international journal of cancer epidemiology, detection and prevention. 29(3), pp. 267 - 275. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cdp.2004.06.007
MRI measures of the lumbo-pelvic muscles in bedrest and follow-up: Implications for exercise countermeasures in microgravity.
Richardson, Carolyn A., Hides, Julie, Wilson, Stephen, Belavy, Daniel, Stanton, Warren, McCook, D, Elmann-Larsen, B, Rittweger, Jorn and Felsenberg, Dieter. (2005). MRI measures of the lumbo-pelvic muscles in bedrest and follow-up: Implications for exercise countermeasures in microgravity. Journal of Gravitational Physiology. 12(1), pp. 117 - 118.
The effect of weightbearing exercise with low frequency, whole body vibration on lumbosacral proprioception: A pilot study on normal subjects
Fontana, Tania, Richardson, Carolyn A. and Stanton, Warren. (2005). The effect of weightbearing exercise with low frequency, whole body vibration on lumbosacral proprioception: A pilot study on normal subjects. Journal of Physiotherapy. 51(4), pp. 259 - 263. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0004-9514(05)70007-6
Long-term overactivity in the abdominal oblique muscle after 8 weeks bed-rest - possible implications for musculoskeletal health
Belavy, Daniel, Richardson, Carolyn A., Wilson, Stephen, Darnell, Ross, Hides, Julie, Toppenberg, Rowena, Elmann-Larsen, B, Rittweger, Jorn and Felsenberg, Dieter. (2005). Long-term overactivity in the abdominal oblique muscle after 8 weeks bed-rest - possible implications for musculoskeletal health. Journal of Gravitational Physiology. 12(1), pp. 117 - 118.
Community perceptions of adequate levels and reasons for skin protection
Stanton, Warren, Moffatt, Jenny and Clavarino, Alexandra. (2005). Community perceptions of adequate levels and reasons for skin protection. Behavioral Medicine: relating behavior and health. 31(1), pp. 5 - 15. https://doi.org/10.3200/BMED.31.1.5-17
Guaiac versus immunochemical tests: Faecal occult blood test screening for colorectal cancer in a rural community
Hughes, Karen, Leggett, Barbara, Del Mar, Chris B., Croese, John, Fairley, Stephen, Masson, John, Aitken, Joanne, Clavarino, Alexandra, Janda, Monika, Stanton, Warren, Tong, Shilu and Newman, Beth. (2005). Guaiac versus immunochemical tests: Faecal occult blood test screening for colorectal cancer in a rural community. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health. 29(4), pp. 358 - 364. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-842X.2005.tb00207.x
Suntans and sun protection in Australian teen media: 1999 to 2000
McDermott, Liane, Lowe, John, Stanton, Warren and Clavarino, Alexandra. (2005). Suntans and sun protection in Australian teen media: 1999 to 2000. Health Education & Behavior. 32(4), pp. 504 - 513. https://doi.org/10.1177/1090198105276214
Predictors of responsiveness to physiotherapy management of cervicogenic headache
Jull, Gwendolen and Stanton, Warren. (2005). Predictors of responsiveness to physiotherapy management of cervicogenic headache. Cephalalgia: an international journal of headache. 25(2), pp. 101 - 108. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2982.2004.00811.x
Smoking and parenting among males in low socio-economic occupations
Moffatt, Jenny and Stanton, Warren. (2005). Smoking and parenting among males in low socio-economic occupations. International Journal of Health Promotion and Education. 43(3), pp. 81 - 86. https://doi.org/10.1080/14635240.2005.10708045