Effects of nutritional interventions on accuracy and reaction time with relevance to mental fatigue in sporting, military and aerospace populations: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Journal article


Oliver, Liam S., Sullivan, John P., Russell, Suzanna, Peake, Jonathan M., Nicholson, Mitchell, McNulty, Craig and Kelly, Vincent G.. (2022). Effects of nutritional interventions on accuracy and reaction time with relevance to mental fatigue in sporting, military and aerospace populations: A systematic review and meta-analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 19(1), p. Article 307. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19010307
AuthorsOliver, Liam S., Sullivan, John P., Russell, Suzanna, Peake, Jonathan M., Nicholson, Mitchell, McNulty, Craig and Kelly, Vincent G.
Abstract

Background: Research in sport, military, and aerospace populations has shown that mental fatigue may impair cognitive performance. The effect of nutritional interventions that may mitigate such negative effects has been investigated. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to quantify the effects of nutritional interventions on cognitive domains often measured in mental fatigue research. Methods: A systematic search for articles was conducted using key terms relevant to mental fatigue in sport, military, and aerospace populations. Two reviewers screened 11,495 abstracts and 125 full texts. A meta-analysis was conducted whereby effect sizes were calculated using subgroups for nutritional intervention and cognitive domains. Results: Fourteen studies were included in the meta-analysis. The consumption of energy drinks was found to have a small positive effect on reaction time, whilst the use of beta-alanine, carbohydrate, and caffeine had no effect. Carbohydrate and caffeine use had no effect on accuracy. Conclusions: The results of this meta-analysis suggest that consuming energy drinks may improve reaction time. The lack of effect observed for other nutritional interventions is likely due to differences in the type, timing, dosage, and form of administration. More rigorous randomized controlled trials related to the effect of nutrition interventions before, during, and after induced mental fatigue are required.

Keywordsmental fatigue; sport; military; aerospace; nutrition; intervention; ergogenic
Year2022
JournalInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Journal citation19 (1), p. Article 307
PublisherMultidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI AG)
ISSN1661-7827
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19010307
PubMed ID35010566
Scopus EID2-s2.0-85121671564
PubMed Central IDPMC8744602
Open accessPublished as ‘gold’ (paid) open access
Research or scholarlyResearch
Page range1-21
Publisher's version
License
File Access Level
Open
Output statusPublished
Publication dates
Online28 Dec 2021
Publication process dates
Accepted22 Dec 2021
Deposited29 Mar 2022
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