Development and validation of the World Health Organization disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0) Indonesian version in stroke survivors

Journal article

Yuliana, Sri, Muslih, Muhammad, Sim, Jenny, Vidyanti, Amelia Nur, Brahmadhi, Ageng and Tsai, Hsiu Ting. (2022). Development and validation of the World Health Organization disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0) Indonesian version in stroke survivors. Disability and Rehabilitation. 44(16), pp. 4459-4466. https://doi.org/10.1080/09638288.2021.1900413
AuthorsYuliana, Sri, Muslih, Muhammad, Sim, Jenny, Vidyanti, Amelia Nur, Brahmadhi, Ageng and Tsai, Hsiu Ting
Abstract

Purpose
Stroke is the third most common cause of disability worldwide. In order to effectively study the disability status experienced by stroke survivors, it is important to identify reliable and valid tools to measure disability that can be administered to this population. No previous study had been conducted on the Indonesian version of the WHO Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0). The aim of this study was to develop and validate the Indonesian version of the WHODAS 2.0 for stroke survivors in Indonesia.

Methods
Following translation and back-translation, the Indonesian version of the WHODAS 2.0 was administered to 183 stroke survivors. We used all six domains of the WHODAS 2.0, with the exception of four items of "work or school activities" in domain 5. Internal consistency was measured by Cronbach's alpha, the inter-rater reliability was measured by interclass correlations (ICCs), and the construct validity was tested with an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA).

Results
The range of Cronbach's alpha was 0.86–0.92, which indicated excellent reliability, and ICC was very good at 0.87–0.99. The EFA and CFA for the main 32-item questionnaire exhibited a total variance of 95% (KMO) and a p value of <0.05. The factor loadings per items were >0.4, and all the model fit indices were acceptable.

Conclusions
The WHODAS 2.0 was adapted for use in Indonesia and showed good results for all six domains. Therefore, the Indonesian version of the WHODAS 2.0 can be applied to assess disability in Indonesian stroke survivors.

Implications for rehabilitation
• The WHO Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0) was developed as a single, generic instrument for assessing the health status and disability in different cultures and settings.

• In this study, we adapted and validated an Indonesian version of the WHODAS 2.0 for stroke survivors in Indonesia.

• The WHODAS 2.0 was adapted for use in Indonesia and showed good results for all six domains.

• The Indonesian version of the WHODAS 2.0 can be applied to assess disability in Indonesian stroke survivors.

Keywordsdisability evaluation; reliability; stroke rehabilitation; validity; WHODAS 2.0; World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule II
Year2022
JournalDisability and Rehabilitation
Journal citation44 (16), pp. 4459-4466
PublisherTaylor & Francis
ISSN0963-8288
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1080/09638288.2021.1900413
PubMed ID33745407
Scopus EID2-s2.0-85102963192
Page range4459-4466
Publisher's version
License
All rights reserved
File Access Level
Controlled
Output statusPublished
Publication dates
Online21 Mar 2021
Publication process dates
Accepted04 Mar 2021
Deposited21 May 2025
Additional information

© 2021 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

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