Impact of protein intake in older adults with sarcopenia and obesity : A gut microbiota perspective

Journal article


Prokopidis, Konstantinos, Cervo, Mavil May, Gandham, Anoohya and Scott, David. (2020). Impact of protein intake in older adults with sarcopenia and obesity : A gut microbiota perspective. Nutrients. 12(8), p. Article 2285. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12082285
AuthorsProkopidis, Konstantinos, Cervo, Mavil May, Gandham, Anoohya and Scott, David
Abstract

The continuous population increase of older adults with metabolic diseases may contribute to increased prevalence of sarcopenia and obesity and requires advocacy of optimal nutrition treatments to combat their deleterious outcomes. Sarcopenic obesity, characterized by age-induced skeletal-muscle atrophy and increased adiposity, may accelerate functional decline and increase the risk of disability and mortality. In this review, we explore the influence of dietary protein on the gut microbiome and its impact on sarcopenia and obesity. Given the associations between red meat proteins and altered gut microbiota, a combination of plant and animal-based proteins are deemed favorable for gut microbiota eubiosis and muscle-protein synthesis. Additionally, high-protein diets with elevated essential amino-acid concentrations, alongside increased dietary fiber intake, may promote gut microbiota eubiosis, given the metabolic effects derived from short-chain fatty-acid and branched-chain fatty-acid production. In conclusion, a greater abundance of specific gut bacteria associated with increased satiation, protein synthesis, and overall metabolic health may be driven by protein and fiber consumption. This could counteract the development of sarcopenia and obesity and, therefore, represent a novel approach for dietary recommendations based on the gut microbiota profile. However, more human trials utilizing advanced metabolomic techniques to investigate the microbiome and its relationship with macronutrient intake, especially protein, are warranted.

Keywordssarcopenia; obesity; gut microbiota; sarcopenic obesity; skeletal muscle; protein; older adults; short-chain fatty acids
Year2020
JournalNutrients
Journal citation12 (8), p. Article 2285
PublisherMultidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI AG)
ISSN2072-6643
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12082285
Scopus EID2-s2.0-85088931661
Open accessPublished as ‘gold’ (paid) open access
Research or scholarlyResearch
Page range1-24
Publisher's version
License
File Access Level
Open
Output statusPublished
Publication dates
Online30 Jul 2020
Publication process dates
Accepted28 Jul 2020
Deposited17 Oct 2022
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