An online experimental test of the compensatory process in hoarding disorder : reducing loneliness and its effects on object attachment

Journal article


Yap, Ann Keong, Timpano, Kiara R., Schmidt, Norman B. and Grisham, Jessica R.. (2024). An online experimental test of the compensatory process in hoarding disorder : reducing loneliness and its effects on object attachment. Current Psychology. 43(23), pp. 20626-20639. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-024-05895-9
AuthorsYap, Ann Keong, Timpano, Kiara R., Schmidt, Norman B. and Grisham, Jessica R.
Abstract

Attachment theory suggests that strong object attachment in hoarding disorder (HD) may be due to an attempt at compensating for unmet relatedness needs. We tested this compensatory process with an online experiment and hypothesized that reducing loneliness among participants with high hoarding symptoms would result in lower object attachment, and that change in loneliness would mediate the impact of an online loneliness intervention on object attachment. A pretest-posttest control group design was used. Participants were 298 MTurk workers pre-screened for high hoarding symptoms recruited via cloudresearch.com. At Time 1, participants completed measures of hoarding severity, loneliness, and four aspects of object attachment: overall object attachment to possessions, insecure object attachment, attachment to an old cherished item, and attachment to a novel item. We randomly assigned participants to either a loneliness intervention (n = 142) or an active control (a health education program; n = 156). All participants completed follow-up questionnaires after two weeks. We conducted ANCOVAs to assess for group differences at Time 2 whilst controlling for Time 1 variables. Results showed small but significant improvements in loneliness, thwarted belongingness, and object attachment for the novel item for participants who received the loneliness intervention relative to control participants. Mediational analyses revealed that the change in loneliness mediated the effect of the intervention on insecure object attachment. Consistent with attachment theory, these results indicate that reducing loneliness might lead to lower object attachment in hoarding disorder. Trials with clinical participants using more intensive loneliness interventions are warranted.

KeywordsHoarding disorder; Compulsive hoarding; Object attachment; Loneliness; Thwarted belongingness; Insecure object attachment
Year01 Jan 2024
JournalCurrent Psychology
Journal citation43 (23), pp. 20626-20639
PublisherSpringer
ISSN1046-1310
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-024-05895-9
Web address (URL)https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12144-024-05895-9
Open accessPublished as ‘gold’ (paid) open access
Research or scholarlyResearch
Page range20626-20639
Publisher's version
License
File Access Level
Open
Output statusPublished
Publication dates
PrintJun 2024
Publication process dates
Accepted17 Mar 2024
Deposited20 Aug 2024
Additional information

© The Author(s) 2024.

This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

This research was supported by the International ObsessiveCompulsive Disorder Foundation and an Australian Government Research Training Program Scholarship for KY.

This study is a pre-registered study (https://osf.io/jxbhq) and the data is openly available at https://osf.io/ujv7q/?view_only=bbc0f76ce4b1 40b0a5800c03137993a2.

Place of publicationUnited States
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