Effect of high-intensity power training on cognitive function in older adults with type 2 diabetes : Secondary outcomes of the GREAT2DO Study

Journal article

Zhao, Ren Ru, Mavros, Yorgi, Meiklejohn, Jacinda, Anderberg, Kylie A., Singh, Nalin, Kay, Shelley, Baker, Michael K., Wang, Yi, Climstein, Mike, O'Sullivan, Anthony, De Vos, Nathan, Baune, Bernhard T., Blair, Steven N., Simar, David and Fiatarone Singh, Maria A.. (2022). Effect of high-intensity power training on cognitive function in older adults with type 2 diabetes : Secondary outcomes of the GREAT2DO Study. The Journals of Gerontology: Series A. 77(10), pp. 1975-1985. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glac090
AuthorsZhao, Ren Ru, Mavros, Yorgi, Meiklejohn, Jacinda, Anderberg, Kylie A., Singh, Nalin, Kay, Shelley, Baker, Michael K., Wang, Yi, Climstein, Mike, O'Sullivan, Anthony, De Vos, Nathan, Baune, Bernhard T., Blair, Steven N., Simar, David and Fiatarone Singh, Maria A.
Abstract

We sought to determine the effects of 12 months of power training on cognition, and whether improvements in body composition, muscle strength, and/or aerobic capacity (VO2peak) were associated with improvements in cognition in older adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Participants with T2D were randomized to power training or low-intensity sham exercise control condition, 3 days per week for 12 months. Cognitive outcomes included memory, attention/speed, executive function, and global cognition. Other relevant outcomes included VO2peak, strength, and whole body and regional body composition. One hundred and three adults with T2D (mean age 67.9 years; standard deviation [SD] 5.9; 50.5% women) were enrolled and analyzed. Unexpectedly, there was a nearly significant improvement in global cognition (p = .05) in the sham group relative to power training, although both groups improved over time (p < .01). There were significant interactions between group allocation and body composition or muscle strength in the models predicting cognitive changes. Therefore, after stratifying by group allocation, improvements in immediate memory were associated with increases in relative skeletal muscle mass (r = 0.38, p = .03), reductions in relative body fat (r = −0.40, p = .02), and increases in knee extension strength were directly related to changes in executive function (r = −0.41, p = .02) within the power training group. None of these relationships were present in the sham group (p > .05). Although power training did not significantly improve cognition compared to low-intensity exercise control, improvements in cognitive function in older adults were associated with hypothesized improvements in body composition and strength after power training.

Keywordscognition; power training; type 2 diabetes
Year2022
JournalThe Journals of Gerontology: Series A
Journal citation77 (10), pp. 1975-1985
PublisherOxford University Press
ISSN1758-535X
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glac090
PubMed ID35436329
Scopus EID2-s2.0-85139377941
PubMed Central IDPMC9536451
Open accessPublished as ‘gold’ (paid) open access
Page range1975-1985
FunderNational Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC)
Australian Diabetes Society
Diabetes Australia
Australian Postgraduate Award, Australian Goverment
University of Sydney
Publisher's version
License
File Access Level
Open
Output statusPublished
Publication dates
Online18 Apr 2022
Publication process dates
Deposited11 Jan 2023
Grant ID512381
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