A systematic review of athletes' and coaches' nutrition knowledge and reflections on the quality of current nutrition knowledge measures

Journal article


Trakman, Gina L., Forsyth, Adrienne, Devlin, Brooke L. and Belski, Regina. (2016). A systematic review of athletes' and coaches' nutrition knowledge and reflections on the quality of current nutrition knowledge measures. Nutrients. 8(9), pp. 1 - 23. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu8090570
AuthorsTrakman, Gina L., Forsyth, Adrienne, Devlin, Brooke L. and Belski, Regina
Abstract

Nutrition knowledge can influence dietary choices and impact on athletic performance. Valid and reliable measures are needed to assess the nutrition knowledge of athletes and coaches. Objectives: (1) To systematically review the published literature on nutrition knowledge of adult athletes and coaches and (2) to assess the quality of measures used to assess nutrition knowledge. Data Sources: MEDLINE, CINAHL, SPORTDiscuss, Web of Science, and SCOPUS. Study Selection: 36 studies that provided a quantitative measure of nutrition knowledge and described the measurement tool that was used were included. Data extraction: Participant description, questionnaire description, results (mean correct and responses to individual items), study quality, and questionnaire quality. Data synthesis: All studies were of neutral quality. Tools used to measure knowledge did not consider health literacy, were outdated with regards to consensus recommendations, and lacked appropriate and adequate validation. The current status of nutrition knowledge in athletes and coaches is difficult to ascertain. Gaps in knowledge also remain unclear, but it is likely that energy density, the need for supplementation, and the role of protein are frequently misunderstood. Conclusions: Previous reports of nutrition knowledge need to be interpreted with caution. A new, universal, up-to-date, validated measure of general and sports nutrition knowledge is required to allow for assessment of nutrition knowledge.

Keywordsnutritional knowledge; dietary knowledge; athlete; coach; sport; questionnaire; survey; measure; valid; sports nutrition
Year2016
JournalNutrients
Journal citation8 (9), pp. 1 - 23
PublisherMDPI AG
ISSN2072-6643
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.3390/nu8090570
Scopus EID2-s2.0-84989285263
Open accessOpen access
Page range1 - 23
Research GroupMary MacKillop Institute for Health Research
Publisher's version
License
Place of publicationSwitzerland
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