Paired associate learning deficits in poor readers : The contribution of phonological input and output processes

Journal article


Litt, Robin A., Wang, Hua-Chen, Sailah, Jessica, Badcock, N. A. and Castles, Anne. (2019). Paired associate learning deficits in poor readers : The contribution of phonological input and output processes. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology. 72(3), pp. 616-633. https://doi.org/10.1177/1747021818762669
AuthorsLitt, Robin A., Wang, Hua-Chen, Sailah, Jessica, Badcock, N. A. and Castles, Anne
Abstract

It is well-established that poor readers exhibit deficits in paired associate learning (PAL), and there is increasing evidence for a phonological locus of these deficits. However, it remains unclear whether poor performance stems from difficulties specific to the phonological output system or difficulties that affect both phonological input and output processes. Understanding these deficits is important not only in the context of PAL but also for informing broader theories of typical and atypical reading development. We developed a novel paradigm that allowed us to assess PAL in the presence and absence of phonological output demands. In total, 14 poor readers and 14 age-matched controls were first trained to criterion in verbal-visual PAL before being tested in the visual-verbal direction. The results showed that poor readers learned at the same rate as controls in verbal-visual PAL, even when the nonword stimuli were phonologically confusable. Yet, despite having reached the same criterion as controls in verbal-visual PAL, poor readers exhibited robust impairments for those same paired associates in visual-verbal PAL. The overall pattern of results is most consistent with the conclusion that PAL deficits reflect impairments to the phonological output system; however, results that may challenge this interpretation are also discussed.

KeywordsPaired associate learning; poor readers; phonological deficit; phonological output; dyslexia
Year01 Jan 2019
JournalQuarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology
Journal citation72 (3), pp. 616-633
PublisherSage Publications, Inc. (US)
ISSN1747-0218
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1177/1747021818762669
PubMed ID29451079
Web address (URL)https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1747021818762669
Open accessPublished as non-open access
Research or scholarlyResearch
Page range616-633
Publisher's version
License
All rights reserved
File Access Level
Controlled
Output statusPublished
Publication dates
Online15 Mar 2018
PrintMar 2019
Publication process dates
Accepted05 Feb 2018
Deposited24 Jul 2024
Additional information

© Experimental Psychology Society 2018.

Place of publicationUnited Kingdom
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