Muscle contributions to tibiofemoral shear forces and valgus and rotational joint moments during single leg drop landing

Journal article


Maniar, Nirav, Schache, Anthony G., Pizzolato, Claudio and Opar, David A.. (2020). Muscle contributions to tibiofemoral shear forces and valgus and rotational joint moments during single leg drop landing. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports. 30(9), pp. 1664-1674. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.13711
AuthorsManiar, Nirav, Schache, Anthony G., Pizzolato, Claudio and Opar, David A.
Abstract

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries commonly occur during single-leg landing tasks and are a burdensome condition. Previous studies indicate that muscle forces play an important role in controlling ligamentous loading, yet these studies have typically used cadaveric models considering only the knee-spanning quadriceps, hamstrings, and gastrocnemius muscle groups. Any muscles (including non-knee-spanning muscles) capable of opposing the anterior shear joint reaction force and the valgus joint reaction moment are thought to have the greatest potential for protecting the ACL from injury. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate how lower-limb muscles modulate knee joint loading during a single-leg drop landing task. An electromyography-informed neuromusculoskeletal modeling approach was used to compute lower-limb muscle force contributions to the anterior shear joint reaction force and the valgus joint reaction moment at the knee during a single-leg drop landing task. The average shear joint reaction force ranged from 153 N of anterior shear force to 744 N of posterior shear force. The muscles that generated the greatest posterior shear force were the soleus, medial hamstrings, and biceps femoris, contributing up to 393 N, 359 N, and 162 N, respectively. The average frontal plane joint reaction moment ranged from a 19 Nm varus moment to a 6 Nm valgus moment. The valgus moment was primarily opposed by the gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, and soleus, with these muscles providing contributions of up to 38, 22, and 20 Nm toward a varus moment, respectively. The findings identify key muscles that mitigate loads on the ACL.

Keywordsanterior cruciate ligament; dynamic coupling; dynamic valgus; neuromechanics; opensim
Year2020
JournalScandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports
Journal citation30 (9), pp. 1664-1674
PublisherJohn Wiley & Sons, Ltd
ISSN0905-7188
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.13711
Scopus EID2-s2.0-85086521153
Open accessPublished as green open access
Research or scholarlyResearch
Page range1664-1674
Author's accepted manuscript
License
All rights reserved
File Access Level
Open
Publisher's version
License
All rights reserved
File Access Level
Controlled
Output statusPublished
Publication dates
Online17 Jun 2020
Publication process dates
Accepted07 May 2020
Deposited16 Aug 2021
Permalink -

https://acuresearchbank.acu.edu.au/item/8w939/muscle-contributions-to-tibiofemoral-shear-forces-and-valgus-and-rotational-joint-moments-during-single-leg-drop-landing

Download files


Author's accepted manuscript
AM_Maniar_2020_Muscle_contributions_to_tibiofemoral_shear_forces.pdf
License: All rights reserved
File access level: Open

Restricted files

Publisher's version

  • 153
    total views
  • 215
    total downloads
  • 2
    views this month
  • 2
    downloads this month
These values are for the period from 19th October 2020, when this repository was created.

Export as

Related outputs

Biceps femoris long head muscle and aponeurosis geometry in males with and without a history of hamstring strain injury
Lazarczuk, Stephanie L., Collings, Tyler J., Hams, Andrea H., Timmins, Ryan Gregory, Opar, David, Edwards, Suzi, Shield, Anthony, Barrett, Rod and Bourne, Matthew. (2024). Biceps femoris long head muscle and aponeurosis geometry in males with and without a history of hamstring strain injury. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports. 34(4), pp. 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.14619
Validity of Inertial Measurement Units to Measure Lower-Limb Kinematics and Pelvic Orientation at Submaximal and Maximal Effort Running Speeds
Lin, Yi-Chung, Price, Kara, Carmichael, Declan, Maniar, Nirav, Hickey, Jack Thomas, Timmins, Ryan Gregory, Heiderscheit, Bryan C., Blemker, Silvia S. and Opar, David. (2023). Validity of Inertial Measurement Units to Measure Lower-Limb Kinematics and Pelvic Orientation at Submaximal and Maximal Effort Running Speeds. Sensors. 23(23), pp. 1-16. https://doi.org/10.3390/s23239599
Hamstring strain injury risk factors in Australian Football change over the course of the season
Sim, Aylwin, Timmins, Ryan G., Ruddy, Joshua D., Shen, Haifeng, Liao, Kewen, Maniar, Nirav, Hickey, Jack T., Williams, Morgan D. and Opar, David A.. (2023). Hamstring strain injury risk factors in Australian Football change over the course of the season. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000003297
The effect of caffeine on subsequent sleep : A systematic review and meta-analysis
Gardiner, Carissa, Weakley, Jonathon, Burke, Louise M., Roach, Gregory D., Sargent, Charli, Maniar, Nirav, Townshend, Andrew and Halson, Shona L.. (2023). The effect of caffeine on subsequent sleep : A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep Medicine Reviews. 69, p. Article 101764. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smrv.2023.101764
The effect of theta burst stimulation over the primary motor cortex on experimental hamstring pain : A randomized, controlled study
Moukhaiber, Nadia, Summers, Simon J., Opar, David, Imam, Jawwad, Thomson, Daniel, Chang, Wei-Ju, Andary, Toni and Cavaleri, Rocco. (2023). The effect of theta burst stimulation over the primary motor cortex on experimental hamstring pain : A randomized, controlled study. Journal of Pain. 24(4), pp. 593-604. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpain.2022.11.013
The dose–response of pain throughout a Nordic hamstring exercise intervention
Behan, Fearghal P., Opar, David A., Vermeulen, Robin, Timmins, Ryan G. and Whiteley, Rodney. (2023). The dose–response of pain throughout a Nordic hamstring exercise intervention. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports. 33(4), pp. 542-546. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.14317
Reliability of corticospinal excitability and intracortical inhibition in biceps femoris during different contraction modes
Presland, Joel D., Tofari, Paul J., Timmins, Ryan G., Kidgell, Dawson J. and Opar, David A.. (2023). Reliability of corticospinal excitability and intracortical inhibition in biceps femoris during different contraction modes. European Journal of Neuroscience. 57(1), pp. 91-105. https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.15868
Incidence and prevalence of hamstring injuries in field-based team sports : A systematic review and meta-analysis of 5952 injuries from over 7 million exposure hours
Maniar, Nirav, Carmichael, Declan, Hickey, Jack Thomas, Timmins, Ryan Gregory, San Jose, Argell Joseph, Dickson, Jessica and Opar, David. (2023). Incidence and prevalence of hamstring injuries in field-based team sports : A systematic review and meta-analysis of 5952 injuries from over 7 million exposure hours. British Journal of Sports Medicine. 57(2), pp. 109-116. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2021-104936
Putting the squeeze on compression garments : Current evidence and recommendations for future research : A systematic scoping review
Weakley, Jonathon, Broatch, James, O’Riordan, Shane, Morrison, Matthew, Maniar, Nirav and Halson, Shona L.. (2022). Putting the squeeze on compression garments : Current evidence and recommendations for future research : A systematic scoping review. Sports Medicine. 52(5), pp. 1141-1160. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-021-01604-9
Stressed and not sleeping : Poor sleep and psychological stress in elite athletes prior to the Rio 2016 Olympic Games
Halson, Shona L., Appaneal, Renee N., Welvaert, Marijke, Maniar, Nirav and Drew, Michael K.. (2022). Stressed and not sleeping : Poor sleep and psychological stress in elite athletes prior to the Rio 2016 Olympic Games. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 17(2), pp. 195-202. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2021-0117
Hamstring strain injury rehabilitation
Hickey, Jack Th., Opar, David A., Weiss, Leigh J. and Heiderscheit, Bryan C.. (2022). Hamstring strain injury rehabilitation. Journal of Athletic Training. 57(2), pp. 125-135. https://doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-0707.20
Poor reporting of exercise interventions for hamstring strain injury rehabilitation : A scoping review of reporting quality and content in contemporary applied research
Breed, Ray, Opar, David, Timmins, Ryan, Maniar, Nirav, Banyard, Harry and Hickey, Jack. (2022). Poor reporting of exercise interventions for hamstring strain injury rehabilitation : A scoping review of reporting quality and content in contemporary applied research. Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy. 52(3), pp. 130-141. https://doi.org/10.2519/jospt.2022.10641
Muscle force contributions to anterior cruciate ligament loading
Maniar, Nirav, Cole, Michael H., Bryant, Adam L. and Opar, David A.. (2022). Muscle force contributions to anterior cruciate ligament loading. Sports Medicine. 52(8), pp. 1737-1750. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-022-01674-3
The development of a HAMstring InjuRy (HAMIR) index to mitigate injury risk through innovative imaging, biomechanics, and data analytics : Protocol for an observational cohort study
Heiderscheit, Bryan C., Blemker, Silvia S., Opar, David, Stiffler-Joachim, Mikel R., Bedi, Asheesh, Hart, Joseph, Mortensen, Brett, Kliethermes, Stephanie A., Baer, Geoffrey, Buckley, Craig, Costigan, Kyle, Drew, Shauna, Eberhardt, Duffy, Fabian, Kurrel, Feller, Herman, Hammer, Erin, Heidt, Danielle, Lee, Kenneth, Lund, Brian, ... Sund, Sarah. (2022). The development of a HAMstring InjuRy (HAMIR) index to mitigate injury risk through innovative imaging, biomechanics, and data analytics : Protocol for an observational cohort study. BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation. 14(1), p. Article 128. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13102-022-00520-3
Trends in Australian knee injury rates : An epidemiological analysis of 228,344 knee injuries over 20 years
Maniar, Nirav, Verhagen, Evert, Bryant, Adam Leigh and Opar, David Andrew. (2022). Trends in Australian knee injury rates : An epidemiological analysis of 228,344 knee injuries over 20 years. The Lancet Regional Health - Western Pacific. 21, p. Article 100409. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lanwpc.2022.100409
The dose-response of the nordic hamstring exercise on biceps femoris architecture and eccentric knee flexor strength : A randomized interventional trial
Behan, Fearghal P., Vermeulen, Robin, Whiteley, Rod, Timmins, Ryan G., Ruddy, Joshua D. and Opar, David A.. (2022). The dose-response of the nordic hamstring exercise on biceps femoris architecture and eccentric knee flexor strength : A randomized interventional trial. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 17(4), pp. 646-654. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2021-0276
Assessing isometric kicking force and post-match responses using the Kicker test
Thomas, Rees J., Timmins, Ryan G., Tofari, Paul J., Williams, Morgan D. and Opar, David A.. (2022). Assessing isometric kicking force and post-match responses using the Kicker test. Journal of Sports Sciences. 40(11), pp. 1275-1281. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2022.2065772
Early introduction of high-intensity eccentric loading into hamstring strain injury rehabilitation
Hickey, Jack T., Rio, Ebonie, Best, Thomas M., Timmins, Ryan G., Maniar, Nirav, Hickey, Peter F., Williams, Morgan D., Pitcher, Christian A. and Opar, David A.. (2022). Early introduction of high-intensity eccentric loading into hamstring strain injury rehabilitation. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. 25(9), pp. 732-736. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2022.06.002
Muscle function during single leg landing
Maniar, Nirav, Schache, Anthony G., Pizzolato, Claudio and Opar, David A.. (2022). Muscle function during single leg landing. Scientific Reports. 12(1), p. Article 11486. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-15024-w
Mechanical, material and morphological adaptations of healthy lower limb tendons to mechanical loading : A systematic review and meta-analysis
Lazarczuk, Stephanie L., Maniar, Nirav, Opar, David A., Duhig, Steven J., Shield, Anthony, Barrett, Rod S. and Bourne, Matthew N.. (2022). Mechanical, material and morphological adaptations of healthy lower limb tendons to mechanical loading : A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Medicine. 52(10), pp. 2405-2429. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-022-01695-y
The acute effects of prolonged uninterrupted sitting on vascular function : A systematic review and meta-analysis
Taylor, Frances C., Pinto, Ana J., Maniar, Nirav, Dunstan, David W. and Green, Daniel J.. (2022). The acute effects of prolonged uninterrupted sitting on vascular function : A systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 54(1), pp. 67-76. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000002763
Hamstring and gluteal activation during high-speed overground running : Impact of prior strain injury
Bourne, Matthew N., Pollard, Chris, Messer, Daniel, Timmins, Ryan G., Opar, David A., Williams, Morgan D. and Shield, Anthony J.. (2021). Hamstring and gluteal activation during high-speed overground running : Impact of prior strain injury. Journal of Sports Sciences. 39(18), pp. 2073-2079. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2021.1917839
Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction increases the risk of hamstring strain injury across football codes in Australia
Messer, Daniel J., Williams, Morgan, Bourne, Matthew, Opar, David, Timmins, Ryan Gregory and Shield, Anthony. (2021). Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction increases the risk of hamstring strain injury across football codes in Australia. Sports Medicine. 52, pp. 923-932. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-021-01567-x
Screening hamstring injury risk factors multiple times in a season does not improve the identification of future injury risk
Opar, David A., Ruddy, Joshua D., Williams, Morgan D., Maniar, Nirav, Hickey, Jack T., Bourne, Matthew N., Pizzari, Tania and Timmins, Ryan G.. (2021). Screening hamstring injury risk factors multiple times in a season does not improve the identification of future injury risk. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 54(2), pp. 321-329. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000002782
Prediction of hamstring injuries in Australian Football using biceps femoris architectural risk factors derived from soccer
Lee Dow, Connor, Timmins, Ryan G., Ruddy, Joshua D., Williams, Morgan D., Maniar, Nirav, Hickey, Jack T., Bourne, Matthew N. and Opar, David A.. (2021). Prediction of hamstring injuries in Australian Football using biceps femoris architectural risk factors derived from soccer. American Journal of Sports Medicine. 49(13), pp. 3687-3695. https://doi.org/10.1177/03635465211041686
Muscle activity and activation in previously strain-injured lower limbs : A systematic review
Presland, J. D., Timmins, R. G., Maniar, N., Tofari, P. J., Kidgell, D. J., Shield, A. J., Dickson, J. and Opar, D.. (2021). Muscle activity and activation in previously strain-injured lower limbs : A systematic review. Sports Medicine. 51(11), pp. 2311-2327. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-021-01487-w
Is pre-season eccentric strength testing during the nordic hamstring exercise associated with future hamstring strain injury? A systematic review and meta-analysis
Opar, David A., Timmins, Ryan G., Behan, Fearghal P., Hickey, Jack T., van Dyk, Nicol, Price, Kara and Maniar, Nirav. (2021). Is pre-season eccentric strength testing during the nordic hamstring exercise associated with future hamstring strain injury? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Medicine. 51(9), pp. 1935-1945. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-021-01474-1
Sprinting, strength, and architectural adaptations following hamstring training in Australian Footballers
Timmins, Ryan G., Filopoulos, Dean, Nguyen, Victor, Giannakis, Jake, Ruddy, Joshua D., Hickey, Jack T., Maniar, Nirav and Opar, David A.. (2021). Sprinting, strength, and architectural adaptations following hamstring training in Australian Footballers. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports. 31(6), pp. 1276-1289. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.13941
Lower limb muscle size after anterior cruciate ligament injury : A systematic review and meta-analysis
Dutaillis, Benjamin, Maniar, Nirav, Opar, David A., Hickey, Jack T. and Timmins, Ryan G.. (2021). Lower limb muscle size after anterior cruciate ligament injury : A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Medicine. 51(6), pp. 1209-1226. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-020-01419-0
Trunk, pelvis and lower limb coordination between anticipated and unanticipated sidestep cutting in females
Dutaillis, Benjamin, Opar, David A., Pataky, Todd, Timmins, Ryan G., Hickey, Jack T. and Maniar, Nirav. (2021). Trunk, pelvis and lower limb coordination between anticipated and unanticipated sidestep cutting in females. Gait & Posture. 85, pp. 131-137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2020.12.011
Interrupting prolonged sitting and endothelial function in polycystic ovary syndrome
Taylor, Frances C., Dunstan, David W., Fletcher, Elly, Townsend, Melanie K., Larsen, Robyn N., Rickards, K. Y. M., Maniar, Nirav, Buman, Matthew, Dempsey, Paddy C., Joham, Anju E., Cohen, Neale, Owen, Neville, Moran, Lisa J. and Green, Daniel J.. (2021). Interrupting prolonged sitting and endothelial function in polycystic ovary syndrome. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. 53(3), pp. 479-486. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000002513
Acute effects of interrupting prolonged sitting on vascular function in type 2 diabetes
Dunstan, D., Homer, A., Wheeler, M. and Maniar, N.. (2021). Acute effects of interrupting prolonged sitting on vascular function in type 2 diabetes. American Journal of Physiology: Heart and Circulatory Physiology. 320(1), pp. H393-H403. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00422.2020
Does site matter? Impact of inertial measurement unit placement on the validity and reliability of stride variables during running : A systematic review and meta-analysis
Horsley, Benjamin J., Tofari, Paul J., Halson, Shona L., Kemp, Justin G., Dickson, Jessica, Maniar, Nirav and Cormack, Stuart J.. (2021). Does site matter? Impact of inertial measurement unit placement on the validity and reliability of stride variables during running : A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Medicine. 51(7), pp. 1449-1489. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-021-01443-8
Eccentric hamstring strength is associated with age and duration of previous season hamstring injury in male soccer players
Vicens-Bordas, Jordi, Esteve, Ernest, Fort-Vanmeerhaeghe, Azahara, Clausen, Mikkel Bek, Bandholm, Thomas, Opar, David, Shield, Anthony and Thorborg, Kristian. (2020). Eccentric hamstring strength is associated with age and duration of previous season hamstring injury in male soccer players. International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy. 15(2), pp. 246-253. https://doi.org/10.26603/ijspt20200246
Anatomy of the hamstrings
Timmins, Ryan, Woodley, Stephanie, Shield, Anthony and Opar, David. (2020). Anatomy of the hamstrings. In In Thorborg , Kristian, Opar, David and Shield, Anthony (Ed.). Prevention and rehabilitation of hamstring injuries pp. 1-30 Springer Nature Switzerland AG. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31638-9_1
Hamstring injury prevention and implementation
van der Horst, Nick, Thorborg, Kristian and Opar, David. (2020). Hamstring injury prevention and implementation. In In Thorborg, Kristian, Opar, David and Shield, Anthony (Ed.). Prevention and rehabilitation of hamstring injuries pp. 145-163 Springer Nature Switzerland AG. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31638-9_6
Hamstrings biomechanics related to running
Maniar, Nirav, Schache, Anthony, Heiderscheit, Bryan and Opar, David. (2020). Hamstrings biomechanics related to running. In In Thorborg, Kristian, Opar, David and Shield, Anthony (Ed.). Prevention and rehabilitation of hamstring injuries pp. 65-81 Springer Nature Switzerland AG. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31638-9_3
Pain-free versus pain-threshold rehabilitation following acute hamstring strain injury : A randomized controlled trial
Hickey, Jack T., Timmins, Ryan G., Maniar, Nirav, Rio, Ebonie, Hickey, Peter F., Pitcher, Christian A., Williams, Morgan D. and Opar, David A.. (2020). Pain-free versus pain-threshold rehabilitation following acute hamstring strain injury : A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy. 50(2), pp. 91-103. https://doi.org/10.2519/jospt.2020.8895
Performance changes during the off-season period in football players–Effects of age and previous hamstring injury
Vicens-Bordas, Jordi, Esteve, Ernest, Fort-Vanmeerhaeghe, Azahara, Casals, Martí, Bandholm, Thomas, Ishøi, Lasse, Opar, David, Shield, Anthony and Thorborg, Kristian. (2020). Performance changes during the off-season period in football players–Effects of age and previous hamstring injury. Journal of Sports Sciences. 38(21), pp. 2489-2499. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2020.1792160
Muscle contributions to medial and lateral tibiofemoral compressive loads during sidestep cutting
Maniar, Nirav, Bryant, Adam L., Sritharan, Prasanna, Schache, Anthony G. and Opar, David A.. (2020). Muscle contributions to medial and lateral tibiofemoral compressive loads during sidestep cutting. Journal of Biomechanics. 101, p. 109641. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2020.109641
Hamstring strength and architectural adaptations following inertial flywheel resistance training
Presland, Joel D., Opar, David A., Williams, Morgan D., Hickey, Jack T., Maniar, Nirav, Lee Dow, Connor, Bourne, Matthew N. and Timmins, Ryan G.. (2020). Hamstring strength and architectural adaptations following inertial flywheel resistance training. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. 23(11), pp. 1093-1099. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2020.04.007
Factors that impact self-reported wellness scores in elite Australian Footballers
Ruddy, Joshua D., Cormack, Stuart, Timmins, Ryan G., Sakadjian, Alex, Pietsch, Samuel, Carey, David L., Williams, Morgan D. and Opar, David A.. (2020). Factors that impact self-reported wellness scores in elite Australian Footballers. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. 52(6), pp. 1427-1435. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000002244
Hamstring myoelectrical activity during three different kettlebell swing exercises
Del Monte, Michael J., Opar, David, Timmins, Ryan G., Ross, James A., Keogh, Justin W. L. and Lorenzen, Christian. (2020). Hamstring myoelectrical activity during three different kettlebell swing exercises. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 34(7), pp. 1953-1958. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000002254
Systematically searching and reviewing the literature
Maniar, Nirav, Duncan, Kathryn and Opar, David. (2019). Systematically searching and reviewing the literature. In In Bird, Stephen R. (Ed.). Research methods in physical activity and health pp. 28-44 Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315158501-5
Modeling the risk of team sport injuries : A narrative review of different statistical approaches
Ruddy, Joshua D., Cormack, Stuart J., Whiteley, Rod, Williams, Morgan D., Timmins, Ryan G. and Opar, David A.. (2019). Modeling the risk of team sport injuries : A narrative review of different statistical approaches. Frontiers in Physiology. 10, p. Article 829.
Session availability as a result of prior injury impacts the risk of subsequent non-contact lower limb injury in elite male australian footballers
Ruddy, Joshua D., Pietsch, Samuel, Maniar, Nirav, Cormack, Stuart J., Timmins, Ryan G., Williams, Morgan D., Carey, David L. and Opar, David A.. (2019). Session availability as a result of prior injury impacts the risk of subsequent non-contact lower limb injury in elite male australian footballers. Frontiers in Physiology. 10, p. 737. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2019.00737
Razor hamstring curl and Nordic hamstring exercise architectural adaptations : Impact of exercise selection and intensity
Pollard, Christopher W., Opar, David A., Williams, Morgan D., Bourne, Matthew N. and Timmins, Ryan Gregory. (2019). Razor hamstring curl and Nordic hamstring exercise architectural adaptations : Impact of exercise selection and intensity. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports. 29(5), pp. 706-715. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.13381
Lower-limb muscle function during sidestep cutting
Maniar, Nirav, Schache, Anthony G., Cole, Michael H. and Opar, David. (2019). Lower-limb muscle function during sidestep cutting. Journal of Biomechanics. 82, pp. 186 - 192. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2018.10.021
Effect of acute augmented feedback on between limb asymmetries and eccentric knee flexor strength during the Nordic hamstring exercise
Wade J. Chalker, Anthony J. Shield, David Opar, Evelyne N. Rathbone and Justin Keogh. (2018). Effect of acute augmented feedback on between limb asymmetries and eccentric knee flexor strength during the Nordic hamstring exercise. PeerJ. (e4972). https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4972
Non-knee-spanning muscles contribute to tibiofemoral shear as well as valgus and rotational joint reaction moments during unanticipated sidestep cutting
Maniar, Nirav, Schache, Anthony, Sritharan, Prasanna and Opar, David. (2018). Non-knee-spanning muscles contribute to tibiofemoral shear as well as valgus and rotational joint reaction moments during unanticipated sidestep cutting. Scientific Reports. 8(1), pp. 1 - 10. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-19098-9
An evidence-based framework for strengthening exercises to prevent hamstring injury
Bourne, Matthew N., Timmins, Ryan Gregory, Opar, David, Pizzari, Tania, Ruddy, Joshua D., Sims, Casey, Williams, Morgan D. and Shield, Anthony J.. (2018). An evidence-based framework for strengthening exercises to prevent hamstring injury. Sports Medicine. 48(2), pp. 251 - 267. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-017-0796-x
The effect of Nordic hamstring exercise training volume on biceps femoris long head architectural adaptation
Presland, J. D., Timmins, R. G., Bourne, M. N., Williams, M. D. and Opar, D. A.. (2018). The effect of Nordic hamstring exercise training volume on biceps femoris long head architectural adaptation. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports. 28(7), pp. 1775-1783. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.13085
A novel apparatus to measure knee flexor strength during various hamstring exercises: A reliability and retrospective injury study
Hickey, Jack T., Hickey, Peter F., Maniar, Nirav, Timmins, Ryan G., Williams, Morgan D., Pitcher, Christian A. and Opar, David A.. (2018). A novel apparatus to measure knee flexor strength during various hamstring exercises: A reliability and retrospective injury study. Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy. 48(2), pp. 72 - 80. https://doi.org/10.2519/jospt.2018.7634
Non-knee-spanning muscles contribute to tibiofemoral shear as well as valgus and rotational joint reaction moments during unanticipated sidestep cutting
Maniar, Nirav, Schache, Anthony G., Sritharan, Prasanna and Opar, David. (2018). Non-knee-spanning muscles contribute to tibiofemoral shear as well as valgus and rotational joint reaction moments during unanticipated sidestep cutting. Scientific Reports. 8(2501), pp. 1 - 10. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-19098-9
Impact of exercise selection on hamstring muscle activation
Bourne, Matthew N., Williams, Morgan, Opar, David, Najjar, Aiman Al, Kerr, Graham K. and Shield, Anthony J.. (2017). Impact of exercise selection on hamstring muscle activation. British Journal of Sports Medicine. 51, pp. 1021 - 1028. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2015-095739
Muscle force contributions to knee joint loading
Maniar, Nirav. (2017). Muscle force contributions to knee joint loading [Thesis]. https://doi.org/10.26199/5cb7ada848286
Impact of the Nordic hamstring and hip extension exercises on hamstring architecture and morphology: Implications for injury prevention
Bourne, Matthew N., Duhig, Steven J., Timmins, Ryan, Williams, Morgan, Opar, David, Najjar, Aiman Al, Kerr, Graham K. and Shield, Anthony J.. (2017). Impact of the Nordic hamstring and hip extension exercises on hamstring architecture and morphology: Implications for injury prevention. British Journal of Sports Medicine. 51(5), pp. 469 - 477. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2016-096130
There is strength in numbers for muscle injuries it is time to establish an international collaborative registry
Van Dyke, Nicol, Van der Made, Anne D., Timmins, Ryan, Opar, David and Tol, Johannes L.. (2017). There is strength in numbers for muscle injuries it is time to establish an international collaborative registry. British Journal of Sports Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2016-097318
Effect of prior injury on changes to biceps femoris architecture across an Australian football league season
Timmins, Ryan, Bourne, Matthew N., Hickey, Jack, Maniar, Nirav, Tofari, Paul, Williams, Morgan and Opar, David. (2017). Effect of prior injury on changes to biceps femoris architecture across an Australian football league season. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 49(10), pp. 2102 - 2109. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000001333
Criteria for progressing rehabilitation and determining return to play clearance following hamstring strain injury: A systematic review
Hickey, Jack, Timmins, Ryan G., Maniar, Nirav, Williams, Morgan and Opar, David. (2017). Criteria for progressing rehabilitation and determining return to play clearance following hamstring strain injury: A systematic review. Sports Medicine. 47(7). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-016-0667-x
Predictive modeling of hamstring strain injuries in elite Australian footballers
Ruddy, Joshua, Shield, Anthony J., Maniar, Nirav, Williams, Morgan D., Duhig, Steven J., Timmins, Ryan, Hickey, Jack, Bourne, Matthew N. and Opar, David. (2017). Predictive modeling of hamstring strain injuries in elite Australian footballers. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 50(5), pp. 1 - 30. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000001527
Running exposure is associated with the risk of hamstring strain injury in elite Australian footballers
Ruddy, Joshua D., Pollard, Christopher, Timmins, Ryan, Williams, Morgan, Shield, Anthony and Opar, David. (2017). Running exposure is associated with the risk of hamstring strain injury in elite Australian footballers. British Journal of Sports Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2016-096777
Drop punt kicking induces eccentric knee flexor weakness associated with reductions in hamstring electromyographic activity
Duhig, Steven J., Williams, Morgan, Minett, Geoffrey M., Opar, David and Shield, Anthony J.. (2017). Drop punt kicking induces eccentric knee flexor weakness associated with reductions in hamstring electromyographic activity. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. 20(6), pp. 595 - 599. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2016.09.006
Muscle activation patterns in the Nordic hamstring exercise: Impact of prior strain injury
Bourne, Matthew N., Opar, David, Williams, Morgan, Najjar, Aiman Al and Shield, Anthony J.. (2016). Muscle activation patterns in the Nordic hamstring exercise: Impact of prior strain injury. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports. 26(6). https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.12494
Hamstring strength and flexibility after hamstring strain injury: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Maniar, Nirav, Shielf, Anthony J., Williams, Morgan D., Timmins, Ryan G. and Opar, David A.. (2016). Hamstring strength and flexibility after hamstring strain injury: A systematic review and meta-analysis. British Journal of Sports Medicine. 50(15), pp. 909-920. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2015-095311
Effect of high-speed running on hamstring strain injury risk
Duhig, Steven, Shield, Anthony, Opar, David, Gabbett, Tim, Ferguson, Cameron and Williams, Morgan. (2016). Effect of high-speed running on hamstring strain injury risk. British Journal of Sports Medicine. 50(24). https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2015-095679
Short biceps femoris fascicles and eccentric knee flexor weakness increase the risk of hamstring injury in elite football (soccer): a prospective cohort study
Timmins, Ryan G., Bourne, Matthew N., Shield, Anthony J., Williams, Morgan, Lorenzen, Christian and Opar, David. (2016). Short biceps femoris fascicles and eccentric knee flexor weakness increase the risk of hamstring injury in elite football (soccer): a prospective cohort study. British Journal of Sports Medicine. 50(24). https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2015-095362
Architectural changes of the biceps femoris long head after concentric or eccentric training
Timmins, Ryan G., Ruddy, Joshua D., Presland, Joel, Maniar, Nirav and Williams, Morgan. (2016). Architectural changes of the biceps femoris long head after concentric or eccentric training. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 48(3), pp. 499-508. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000000795
Reliability of measures of quadriceps muscle function using magnetic stimulation
Tofari, Paul J., Opar, David, Kemp, Justin Guy, Billaut, Francois and Cormack, Stuart John. (2016). Reliability of measures of quadriceps muscle function using magnetic stimulation. Muscle & Nerve. https://doi.org/10.1002/mus.24926
Architectural adaptations of muscle to training and injury: A narrative review outlining the contributions by fascicle length, pennation angle and muscle thickness
Timmins, Ryan G., Shield, Anthony J., Williams, Morgan D., Lorenzen, Christian and Opar, David. (2016). Architectural adaptations of muscle to training and injury: A narrative review outlining the contributions by fascicle length, pennation angle and muscle thickness. British Journal of Sports Medicine. 50(23). https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2015-094881
Comparisons of eccentric knee flexor strength and asymmetries across elite, sub-elite and school level cricket players
Chalker, Wade J., Shield, Anthony J., Opar, David and Keogh, Justin W. L.. (2016). Comparisons of eccentric knee flexor strength and asymmetries across elite, sub-elite and school level cricket players. PeerJ. 4, pp. 1 - 10. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.1594
What do submarines have in common with diabetes?
Rio, Ebony, Timmins, Ryan Gregory and Opar, David. (2016). What do submarines have in common with diabetes? British Journal of Sports Medicine. 50(16), pp. 955 - 956. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2016-096646
The juxtaposition of science and medicine in sport. Can we all play together nicely?
Opar, David and Rio, Ebony. (2015). The juxtaposition of science and medicine in sport. Can we all play together nicely? British Journal of Sports Medicine. 49(10), pp. 640 - 641. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2015-094819
Eccentric knee flexor strength and risk of hamstring injuries in Rugby Union: A prospective study
Bourne, Matthew, Opar, David, Williams, Morgan and Shield, Anthony. (2015). Eccentric knee flexor strength and risk of hamstring injuries in Rugby Union: A prospective study. American Journal of Sports Medicine. 43(11), pp. 2663 - 2670. https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546515599633
Acute injuries in track and field athletes : A 3-year observational study at the penn relays carnival with epidemiology and medical coverage implications
Opar, David, Drezner, Jonathan, Shield, Anthony, Williams, Morgan, Webner, David, Sennett, Brian, Kapur, Rahul, Cohen, Marc, Ulager, James, Cafengiu, Ana and Cronholm, Peter F. (2015). Acute injuries in track and field athletes : A 3-year observational study at the penn relays carnival with epidemiology and medical coverage implications. American Journal of Sports Medicine. 43(4), pp. 816 - 822. https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546514562553
Comparison of anthropometry, upper body strength and lower body power characteristics in different levels of Australian Football players
Bilsborough, Johann, Greenway, Kate, Opar, David, Livingstone, Steuart, Cordy, Justin, Bird, S. and Coutts, Aaron. (2015). Comparison of anthropometry, upper body strength and lower body power characteristics in different levels of Australian Football players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 29(3), pp. 826 - 834. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000000682
The effect of previous hamstring strain injury on the change in eccentric hamstring strength during preseason training in elite Australian footballers
Opar, David A., Williams, Morgan D., Timmins, Ryan G., Hickey, Jack, Duhig, Steven J. and Shield, Anthony J.. (2015). The effect of previous hamstring strain injury on the change in eccentric hamstring strength during preseason training in elite Australian footballers. American Journal of Sports Medicine. 43(2), pp. 377-384. https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546514556638
Biceps femoris long head architecture: A reliability and retrospective injury study
Timmins, Ryan Gregory, Shield, Anthony, Williams, Morgan, Lorenzen, Christian and Opar, David. (2015). Biceps femoris long head architecture: A reliability and retrospective injury study. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 47(5), pp. 905 - 913. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000000507
The effect of using different regions of interest on local and mean skin temperature
Maniar, Nirav, Bach, Aaron, Stewart, Ian and Costello, Joseph. (2015). The effect of using different regions of interest on local and mean skin temperature. Journal of Thermal Biology. 49-50, pp. 33 - 38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtherbio.2015.01.008
The accuracy and precision of DXA for assessing body composition in team sport athletes
Bilsborough, Johann, Greenway, Kate, Opar, David, Livingstone, Steuart, Cordy, Justin and Coutts, Aaron. (2014). The accuracy and precision of DXA for assessing body composition in team sport athletes. Journal of Sports Sciences. 32(19), pp. 1821 - 1828. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2014.926380
Is there a potential relationship between prior hamstring strain injury and increased risk for future anterior cruciate ligament injury?
Opar, David and Serpell, Benjamin. (2014). Is there a potential relationship between prior hamstring strain injury and increased risk for future anterior cruciate ligament injury? Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 95(2). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2013.07.028
Reduced biceps femoris myoelectrical activity influences eccentric knee flexor weakness after repeat sprint running
Timmins, R. G., Opar, D. A., Williams, M. D., Schache, A. G., Dear, N. M. and Shield, A. J.. (2014). Reduced biceps femoris myoelectrical activity influences eccentric knee flexor weakness after repeat sprint running. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports. 24(4), pp. e299-e305. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.12171
The financial cost of hamstring strain injuries in the Australian Football League
Hickey, Jack, Shield, Anthony J., Williams, Morgan D. and Opar, David A. (2014). The financial cost of hamstring strain injuries in the Australian Football League. British Journal of Sports Medicine. 48(8), pp. 729-730. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2013-092884
Acute hamstring strain injury in track-and-field athletes: A 3-year observational study at the Penn Relay Carnival
Opar, David, Drezner, Jonathan, Shield, Anthony, Williams, Morgan, Webner, David, Sennett, Brian, Kapur, Rahul, Cohen, M., Ulager, James and Cafengiu, Ana. (2014). Acute hamstring strain injury in track-and-field athletes: A 3-year observational study at the Penn Relay Carnival. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports. 24(4). https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.12159
A novel device using the Nordic hamstring exercise to assess eccentric knee flexor strength: A reliability and retrospective injury study
Opar, David, Piatowski, Timothy, Williams, Morgan and Shield, Anthony J.. (2013). A novel device using the Nordic hamstring exercise to assess eccentric knee flexor strength: A reliability and retrospective injury study. Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy. 43(9), pp. 636 - 640. https://doi.org/10.2519/jospt.2013.4837
Rate of torque and electromyographic development during anticipated eccentric contraction is lower in previously strained hamstrings
Opar, David A., Williams, Morgan D., Timmins, Ryan G. and Dear, Nuala M. (2013). Rate of torque and electromyographic development during anticipated eccentric contraction is lower in previously strained hamstrings. The American Journal of Sports Medicine. 41(1), pp. 116-125. https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546512462809
The role of neuromuscular inhibition in hamstring strain injury recurrence
Fyfe, Jackson, Opar, David, Williams, Morgan and Shield, Anthony. (2013). The role of neuromuscular inhibition in hamstring strain injury recurrence. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology. 23(3), pp. 523-530. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelekin.2012.12.006
Knee flexor strength and bicep femoris electromyographical activity is lower in previously strained hamstrings
Opar, David A., Williams, Morgan D., Timmins, Ryan G., Dear, Nuala M. and Shield, Anthony J. (2013). Knee flexor strength and bicep femoris electromyographical activity is lower in previously strained hamstrings. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology. 23(3), pp. 696-703. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelekin.2012.11.004
Hamstring strain injuries : Factors that lead to injury and re-injury
Opar, David A., Williams, Morgan D. and Shield, Anthony J. (2012). Hamstring strain injuries : Factors that lead to injury and re-injury. Sports Medicine. 42(3), pp. 209-226. https://doi.org/10.2165/11594800-000000000-00000