Short-term hematological effects upon completion of a four-week simulated altitude camp

Journal article


Pottgiesser,Torben, Garvican, Laura A., Martin, David T., Featonby, Jesse M., Gore, Christopher J. and Schumacher, Yorck O.. (2012). Short-term hematological effects upon completion of a four-week simulated altitude camp. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 7(1), pp. 79-83. https://doi.org/10.1123/Ijspp.7.1.79
AuthorsPottgiesser,Torben, Garvican, Laura A., Martin, David T., Featonby, Jesse M., Gore, Christopher J. and Schumacher, Yorck O.
Abstract

Hemoglobin mass (tHb) is considered to be a main factor for sea-level performance after “live high–train low” (LHTL) altitude training, but little research has focused on the persistence of tHb following cessation of altitude exposure. The aim of the case study was to investigate short-term effects of various hematological measures including tHb upon completion of a simulated altitude camp. Five female cyclists spent 26 nights at simulated altitude (LHTL, 16.6 ± 0.4 h/d, 3000 m in an altitude house) where tHb was measured at baseline, at cessation of the camp, and 9 d thereafter. Venous blood measures (hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit, %reticulocytes, serum erythropoietin, ferritin, lactate dehydrogenase, and haptoglobin) were determined at baseline; on day 21 during LHTL; and at days 2, 5, and 9 after LHTL. Hemoglobin mass increased by 5.5% (90% confidence limits [CL] 2.5 to 8.5%, very likely) after the LHTL training camp. At day 9 after simulated LHTL, tHb decreased by 3.0% (90%CL −5.1 to −1.0%, likely). There was a substantial decrease in serum EPO (−34%, 90%CL −50 to −12%) at 2 d after return to sea level and a rise in ferritin (23%, 90%CL 3 to 46%) coupled with a decrease in %reticulocytes (−23%, 90%CL −34 to −9%) between day 5 and 9 after LHTL. Our findings show that following a hypoxic intervention with a beneficial tHb outcome, there may be a high probability of a rapid tHb decrease upon return to normoxic conditions. This highlights a rapid component in red-cell control and may have implications for the appropriate timing of altitude training in relation to competition.

Keywordshemoglobin; hypoxia; erythropoiesis; erythropoietin
Year2012
JournalInternational Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance
Journal citation7 (1), pp. 79-83
PublisherHuman Kinetics, Inc.
ISSN1555-0265
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1123/Ijspp.7.1.79
Scopus EID2-s2.0-84859467416
Research or scholarlyResearch
Page range79-83
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All rights reserved
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Controlled
Output statusPublished
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Deposited07 May 2021
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Lower running performance and exacerbated fatigue in soccer played at 1600 m
Lewis, Laura, Hammond, Kristal, Varley, Matthew C., Gore, Christopher J., Billaut, Francois and Aughey, Robert. (2014). Lower running performance and exacerbated fatigue in soccer played at 1600 m. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 9(3), pp. 397 - 404. https://doi.org/10.1123/IJSPP.2012-0375
Stage racing at altitude induces hemodilution despite an increase in hemoglobin mass
Lewis, Laura, Schumacher, Yorck O., Clark, Sally, Christian, Ryan, Menaspà, Paolo, Plowman, Jamie, Stephens, Brian, Qi, Jiliang, Fan, Rongyun, He, Yingying, Martin, David T., Thompson, Kevin G., Gore, Christopher J. and Ma, Fuhai. (2014). Stage racing at altitude induces hemodilution despite an increase in hemoglobin mass. Journal of Applied Physiology. 117(5), pp. 463 - 472. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00242.2014
Four weeks of IV iron supplementation reduces perceived fatigue and mood disturbance in distance runners
Woods, Amy L., Garvican-Lewis, Laura A., Saunders, Philo U., Lovell, Greg, Hughes, David, Fazakerley, Ruth, Anderson, Bev, Gore, Christopher J. and Thompson, Kevin G.. (2014). Four weeks of IV iron supplementation reduces perceived fatigue and mood disturbance in distance runners. PLoS ONE. 9(9), pp. 1 - 11. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0108042
Nitrate supplementation and high-intensity performance in competitive cyclists
Hoon, Matthew, Hopkins, William, Jones, Andrew, Martin, David, Halson, Shona, West, Nicholas, Johnson, Nathan and Burke, Louise. (2014). Nitrate supplementation and high-intensity performance in competitive cyclists. Applied Physiology, Nutrition and Metabolism. 39(9), pp. 1043 - 1049. https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2013-0574
Dairy-Based Preexercise Meal Does Not Affect Gut Comfort or Time-Trial Performance in Female Cyclists
Haakonssen, Eric, Ross, Megan, Cato, Louise, Nana, Alisa, Knight, Emma, Jenkins, David, Martin, David and Burke, Louise. (2014). Dairy-Based Preexercise Meal Does Not Affect Gut Comfort or Time-Trial Performance in Female Cyclists. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism. 24(5), pp. 553 - 558. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.2014-0069
Acute hypoxic exercise does not alter post-exercise iron metabolism in moderately trained endurance athletes
Govus, Andrew D., Abbiss, Chris R., Lewis, Laura, Swinkels, Dorine W., Laarakkers, Coby M., Gore, Christopher J. and Peeling, P. (2014). Acute hypoxic exercise does not alter post-exercise iron metabolism in moderately trained endurance athletes. European Journal of Applied Physiology. 114(10), pp. 2183 - 2191. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-014-2938-2
Yin and yang, or peas in a pod? Individual-sport versus team-sport athletes and altitude training
Aughey, Robert J., Buchheit, Martin, Garvican-Lewis, Laura A., Roach, Gregory D., Sargent, Charli, Billaut, François, Varley, Matthew C., Bourdon, Pitre C. and Gore, Christopher J.. (2013). Yin and yang, or peas in a pod? Individual-sport versus team-sport athletes and altitude training. British Journal of Sports Medicine. 47(18), pp. 1150-1154. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2013-092764
Wellness, fatigue and physical performance acclimatisation to a 2-week soccer camp at 3600 m (ISA3600)
Buchheit, Martin, Simpson, Ben M., Garvican-Lewis, Laura A., Hammond, Kristal, Kley, Marlen, Schmidt, Walter F., Aughey, Robert J., Soria, Rudy, Sargent, Charli, Roach, Gregory D., Claros, Jesus C. Jimenez, Wachsmuth, Nadine, Gore, Christopher J. and Bourdon, Pitre C.. (2013). Wellness, fatigue and physical performance acclimatisation to a 2-week soccer camp at 3600 m (ISA3600). British Journal of Sports Medicine. 47(Suppl 1), p. i100. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2013-092749
The sleep of elite athletes at sea level and high altitude : A comparison of sea-level natives and high-altitude natives (ISA3600)
Roach, Gregory D., Schmidt, Walter F., Aughey, Robert J., Bourdon, Pitre C., Soria, Rudy, Claros, Jesus C. Jimenez, Garvican-Lewis, Laura A., Buchheit, Martin, Simpson, Ben M., Hammond, Kristal, Kley, Marlen, Wachsmuth, Nadine, Gore, Christopher J. and Sargent, Charli. (2013). The sleep of elite athletes at sea level and high altitude : A comparison of sea-level natives and high-altitude natives (ISA3600). British Journal of Sports Medicine. 47(Suppl 1), p. i114. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2013-092843
The impact of altitude on the sleep of young elite soccer players (ISA3600)
Sargent, Charli, Schmidt, Walter F., Aughey, Robert J., Bourdon, Pitre C., Soria, Rudy, Claros, Jesus C. Jimenez, Garvican-Lewis, Laura A., Buchheit, Martin, Simpson, Ben M., Hammond, Kristal, Kley, Marlen, Wachsmuth, Nadine, Gore, Christopher J. and Roach, Gregory D.. (2013). The impact of altitude on the sleep of young elite soccer players (ISA3600). British Journal of Sports Medicine. 47(Suppl 1), p. i86. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2013-092829
The effects of injury and illness on haemoglobin mass
Gough, C. E., Sharpe, K., Garvican, L. A., Anson, J. M., Saunders, P. U. and Gore, C. J.. (2013). The effects of injury and illness on haemoglobin mass. International Journal of Sports Medicine. 34(9), pp. 763-769. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0033-1333692
The distribution of pace adopted by cyclists during a cross-country mountain bike world championships
Abbiss, Chris R., Ross, Megan L. R., Garvican, Laura A., Ross, Neil, Pottgiesser, Torben, Gregory, John and Martin, David T.. (2013). The distribution of pace adopted by cyclists during a cross-country mountain bike world championships. Journal of Sports Sciences. 31(7), pp. 787-794. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2012.751118
Soccer activity profile of altitude versus sea-level natives during acclimatisation to 3600 m (ISA3600)
Aughey, Robert J., Hammond, Kristal, Varley, Matthew C., Schmidt, Walter F., Bourdon, Pitre C., Buchheit, Martin, Simpson, Ben, Garvican-Lewis, Laura A., Kley, Marlen, Soria, Rudy, Sargent, Charli, Roach, Gregory D., Claros, Jesus C. Jimenez, Wachsmuth, Nadine and Gore, Christopher J.. (2013). Soccer activity profile of altitude versus sea-level natives during acclimatisation to 3600 m (ISA3600). British Journal of Sports Medicine. 47(Suppl 1), pp. 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2013-092776
Relationship between changes in haemoglobin mass and maximal oxygen uptake after hypoxic exposure
Saunders, Philo U., Garvican-Lewis, Laura A., Schmidt, Walter F. and Gore, Christopher J.. (2013). Relationship between changes in haemoglobin mass and maximal oxygen uptake after hypoxic exposure. British Journal of Sports Medicine. 47(Suppl 1), pp. 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2013-092841
Predicting sickness during a 2-week soccer camp at 3600 m (ISA3600)
Buchheit, Martin, Simpson, Ben M., Schmidt, Walter F., Aughey, Robert J., Soria, Rudy, Hunt, Robert A., Garvican-Lewis, Laura A., Pyne, David B., Gore, Christopher J. and Bourdon, Pitre C.. (2013). Predicting sickness during a 2-week soccer camp at 3600 m (ISA3600). British Journal of Sports Medicine. 47(Suppl 1), pp. 1-4. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2013-092757
Methods of the international study on soccer at altitude 3600 m (ISA3600)
Gore, Christopher J., Aughey, Robert J., Bourdon, Pitre C., Garvican-Lewis, Laura A., Soria, Rudy, Claros, Jesus C. Jimenez, Sargent, Charli, Roach, Gregory D., Buchheit, Martin, Simpson, Ben M., Hammond, Kristal, Kley, Marlen, Wachsmuth, Nadine, Pepper, Mark, Edwards, Alistair, Cuenca, Douglas, Vidmar, Tony, Spielvogel, Hilde and Schmidt, Walter F.. (2013). Methods of the international study on soccer at altitude 3600 m (ISA3600). British Journal of Sports Medicine. 47(Supplement 1), p. i80–i85. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2013-092770
Changes in blood gas transport of altitude native soccer players near sea-level and sea-level native soccer players at altitude (ISA3600)
Wachsmuth, Nadine, Kley, Marlen, Spielvogel, Hilde, Aughey, Robert J., Gore, Christopher J., Bourdon, Pitre C., Hammond, Kristal, Sargent, Charli, Roach, Gregory D., Sanchez, Rudy Soria, Jimenez Claros, Jesus C., Schmidt, Walter F. and Garvican-Lewis, Laura A.. (2013). Changes in blood gas transport of altitude native soccer players near sea-level and sea-level native soccer players at altitude (ISA3600). British Journal of Sports Medicine. 47(Supplement 1), pp. i93-i99. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2013-092761
Increased lean mass with reduced fat mass in an elite female cyclist returning to competition : Case study
Haakonssen, Eric, Martin, David, Burke, Louise and Jenkins, David. (2013). Increased lean mass with reduced fat mass in an elite female cyclist returning to competition : Case study. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.8.6.699
Precooling methods and their effects on athletic performance : A systematic review and practical applications
Ross, M, Abbiss, Chris, Laursen, P, Martin, D and Burke, Louise. (2013). Precooling methods and their effects on athletic performance : A systematic review and practical applications. Sports Medicine: reviews of applied medicine and science in sport and exercise. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-012-0014-9
Energy expenditure of constant- and variable-intensity cycling : Power meter estimates
Haakonssen, E, Martin, D, Burke, Louise and Jenkins, David. (2013). Energy expenditure of constant- and variable-intensity cycling : Power meter estimates. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e31828e18e6
Increased lean mass with reduced fat mass in an elite female cyclist returning to competition : Case study
Haakonssen, Eric, Martin, David, Burke, Louise and Jenkins, David. (2013). Increased lean mass with reduced fat mass in an elite female cyclist returning to competition : Case study. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.8.6.699
Altitude training and haemoglobin mass from the optimised carbon monoxide rebreathing method determined by a meta-analysis
Gore, Christopher, Sharpe, Ken, Garvican-Lewis, Laura, Saunders, Philo, Humberstone, Clare, Robertson, Eileen, Wachsmuth, Nadine, Clark, Sally, McLean, Blake and Friedmann-Bette, Birgit. (2013). Altitude training and haemoglobin mass from the optimised carbon monoxide rebreathing method determined by a meta-analysis. British Journal of Sports Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2013-092840
Energy expenditure of constant- and variable-intensity cycling : Power meter estimates
Haakonssen, E, Martin, D, Burke, Louise and Jenkins, David. (2013). Energy expenditure of constant- and variable-intensity cycling : Power meter estimates. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e31828e18e6
Time course of the hemoglobin mass response to natural altitude training in elite endurance cyclists
Garvican, L., Martin, D., Quod, M., Stephens, B. and Sassi, A.. (2012). Time course of the hemoglobin mass response to natural altitude training in elite endurance cyclists. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports. 22(1), pp. 95-103. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0838.2010.01145.x
Effects of lowering body temperature via hyperhydration, with and without glycerol ingestion and practical precooling on cycling time trial performance in hot and humid conditions
Ross, M, Jeacocke, N, Laursen, P, Martin, D, Abbiss, Chris and Burke, Louise. (2012). Effects of lowering body temperature via hyperhydration, with and without glycerol ingestion and practical precooling on cycling time trial performance in hot and humid conditions. International Society of Sports Nutrition. 9(55), pp. 1 - 11. https://doi.org/10.1186/1550-2783-9-55
The contribution of haemoglobin mass to increases in cycling performance induced by simulated LHTL
Garvican, Laura A., Pottgiesser, Torben, Martin, David T., Schumacher, Yorck Olaf, Barras, Martin and Gore, Christopher J.. (2011). The contribution of haemoglobin mass to increases in cycling performance induced by simulated LHTL. European Journal of Applied Physiology. 111(6), pp. 1089-1101. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-010-1732-z
Standardising analysis of carbon monoxide rebreathing for application in anti-doping
Alexander, Anthony C., Garvican, Laura A., Burge, Caroline M., Clark, Sally A., Plowman, James S. and Gore, Christopher J.. (2011). Standardising analysis of carbon monoxide rebreathing for application in anti-doping. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. 14(2), pp. 100-105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2010.07.007
Quality control technique to reduce the variability of longitudinal measurement of hemoglobin mass
Gough, C. E., Sharpe, K., Ashenden, M. J., Anson, J. M., Saunders, P. U., Garvican, L. A., Bonetti, D. L., Gore, C. J. and Prommer, N.. (2011). Quality control technique to reduce the variability of longitudinal measurement of hemoglobin mass. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports. 21(6), pp. e365-e371. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0838.2011.01316.x
Novel precooling strategy enhances time trial cycling in the heat
Ross, M, Garvican, L, Jeacocke, N, Laursen, P, Abbiss, Chris, Martin, D and Burke, Louise. (2011). Novel precooling strategy enhances time trial cycling in the heat. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 43(1), pp. 123 - 133. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181e93210
Single-leg cycle training is superior to double-leg cycling in improving the oxidative potential and metabolic profile of trained skeletal muscle
Abbiss, Chris, Karagounis, L, Laursen, P, Peiffer, J, Martin, D, Hawley, John, Fatehee, N and Martin, J.. (2011). Single-leg cycle training is superior to double-leg cycling in improving the oxidative potential and metabolic profile of trained skeletal muscle. Journal of Applied Physiology. 110(5), pp. 1248 - 1255. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.01247.2010
Reply
Hawley, John and Martin, David. (2010). Reply. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 5(4), pp. 434 - 436.