Neighbourhood walkability and physical activity : Moderating role of a physical activity intervention in overweight and obese older adults with metabolic syndrome

Journal article

Colom, Antoni, Mavoa, Suzanne, Ruiz, Maurici, Wärnberg, Julia, Muncunill, Josep, Konieczna, Jadwiga, Vich, Guillem, Barón-López, Francisco, Fitó, Montserrat, Salas-Salvadó, Jordi and Romaguera, Dora. (2021). Neighbourhood walkability and physical activity : Moderating role of a physical activity intervention in overweight and obese older adults with metabolic syndrome. Age and Ageing. 50(3), pp. 963-968. https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afaa246
AuthorsColom, Antoni, Mavoa, Suzanne, Ruiz, Maurici, Wärnberg, Julia, Muncunill, Josep, Konieczna, Jadwiga, Vich, Guillem, Barón-López, Francisco, Fitó, Montserrat, Salas-Salvadó, Jordi and Romaguera, Dora
Abstract

Background
While urban built environments might promote active ageing, an infrequently studied question is how the neighbourhood walkability modulates physical activity changes during a physical activity intervention programme in older adults. We assessed the influence of objectively assessed neighbourhood walkability on the change in physical activity during the intervention programme used in the ongoing PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea (PREDIMED)-Plus trial.

Method
The present study involved 228 PREDIMED-Plus senior participants aged between 55 and 75, recruited in Palma de Mallorca (Spain). Overweight/obese older adults with metabolic syndrome were randomised to an intensive weight-loss lifestyle intervention or a control group. A walkability index (residential density, land use mix, intersections density) was calculated using geographic information systems (1 km sausage-network buffer). Physical activity was assessed using accelerometer and a validated questionnaire, at baseline and two follow-up visits (6-months and 1-year later). Generalised additive mixed models were fitted to estimate the association between the neighbourhood walkability index and changes in physical activity during follow-up.

Results
Higher neighbourhood walkability (1 z-score increment) was associated with moderate-to-vigorous accelerometer assessed physical activity duration, (β = 3.44; 95% CI = 0.52; 6.36 min/day). When analyses were stratified by intervention arm, the association was only observed in the intervention group (β = 6.357; 95% CI = 2.07;10.64 min/day) (P for interaction = 0.055).

Conclusions
The results indicate that the walkability of the neighbourhood could support a physical activity intervention, helping to maintain or increase older adults’ physical activity.

Keywordslongitudinal study; physical activity intervention; walkability index; built environment; older people; PREDIMED-plus trial
Year2021
JournalAge and Ageing
Journal citation50 (3), pp. 963-968
PublisherOxford University Press
ISSN0002-0729
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afaa246
PubMed ID33219673
PubMed Central IDPMC8248320
Open accessPublished as ‘gold’ (paid) open access
Research or scholarlyResearch
Page range963-968
Publisher's version
License
File Access Level
Open
Output statusPublished
Publication dates
Online20 Nov 2020
Publication process dates
Deposited20 Dec 2021
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Oliver, Melody, Parker, Karl, Witten, Karen, Mavoa, Suzanne, Badland, Hannah M., Donovan, Phil, Chaudhury, Moushumi and Kearns, Robin. (2016). Children's Out-of-School Independently Mobile Trips, Active Travel, and Physical Activity: A Cross-Sectional Examination from the Kids in the City Study. Journal of Physical Activity and Health. 13(3), pp. 318-324. https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2015-0043
Associations between the neighborhood environment and moderate-to-vigorous walking in New Zealand children : Findings from the URBAN Study
McGrath, Leslie J., Hinckson, Erica A., Hopkins, Will G., Mavoa, Suzanne, Witten, Karen and Schofield, Grant. (2016). Associations between the neighborhood environment and moderate-to-vigorous walking in New Zealand children : Findings from the URBAN Study. Sports Medicine. 46(7), pp. 1003-1017. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-016-0533-x
Active transport, physical activity, and distance between home and school in children and adolescents
Duncan, Scott, White, Kate, Mavoa, Suzanne, Stewart, Tom, Hinckson, Erica and Schofield, Grant. (2016). Active transport, physical activity, and distance between home and school in children and adolescents. Journal of Physical Activity and Health. 13(4), pp. 447-453. https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2015-0054
Neighbourhood built environment associations with body size in adults : mediating effects of activity and sedentariness in a cross-sectional study of New Zealand adults
Oliver, Melody, Witten, Karen, Blakely, Tony, Parker, Karl, Badland, Hannah, Schofield, Grant, Ivory, Vivienne, Pearce, Jamie, Mavoa, Suzanne, Hinckson, Erica, Sweetsur, Paul and Kearns, Robin. (2015). Neighbourhood built environment associations with body size in adults : mediating effects of activity and sedentariness in a cross-sectional study of New Zealand adults. BMC Public Health. 15, pp. 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-015-2292-2
Assessing neighbourhood destination access for children : Development of the NDAI-C audit tool
Badland, Hannah, Donovan, Phil, Mavoa, Suzanne, Oliver, Melody, Chaudhury, Moushumi and Witten, Karen. (2015). Assessing neighbourhood destination access for children : Development of the NDAI-C audit tool. Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science. 42(6), pp. 1148-1160. https://doi.org/10.1068/b140009p
Age-friendly cities and communities : Access to services for older people
Lowen, Tamara, Davern, Melanie, Mavoa, Suzanne and Brasher, Kathleen. (2015). Age-friendly cities and communities : Access to services for older people. Australian Planner. 52(4), pp. 255-265. https://doi.org/10.1080/07293682.2015.1047874
The development of policy-relevant transport indicators to monitor health behaviours and outcomes
Badland, Hannah, Mavoa, Suzanne, Villanueva, Karen, Roberts, Rebecca, Davern, Melanie and Giles-Corti, Billie. (2015). The development of policy-relevant transport indicators to monitor health behaviours and outcomes. Journal of Transport and Health. 2(2), pp. 103-110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jth.2014.07.005
Developing indicators of public open space to promote health and wellbeing in communities
Villanueva, Karen, Badland, Hannah, Hooper, Paula, Koohsari, Mohammad, Mavoa, Suzanne, Davern, Melanie, Roberts, Rebecca, Goldfeld, Sharon and Giles-Corti, Billie. (2015). Developing indicators of public open space to promote health and wellbeing in communities. Applied Geography. 57, pp. 112-119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeog.2014.12.003
Associations between the neighbourhood built environment and out of school physical activity and active travel : An examination from the Kids in the City study
Oliver, Melody, Mavoa, Suzanne, Badland, Hannah, Parker, Karl, Donovan, Phil, Kearns, Robin, Lin, En-Yi and Witten, Karen. (2015). Associations between the neighbourhood built environment and out of school physical activity and active travel : An examination from the Kids in the City study. Health & Place. 36, pp. 57-64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthplace.2015.09.005
Environmental and socio-demographic associates of children's active transport to school : a cross-sectional from the URBAN Study
Oliver, Melody, Badland, Hannah, Mavoa, Suzanne, Witten, Karen, Kearns, Robin, Ellaway, Anne, Hinckson, Erica, Mackay, Lisa and Schluter, Philip. (2014). Environmental and socio-demographic associates of children's active transport to school : a cross-sectional from the URBAN Study. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity. 11, pp. 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1186/1479-5868-11-70
Do low-income neighbourhoods have the least green space? A cross-sectional study of Australia's most populous cities
Astell-Burt, Thomas, Feng, Xiaoqi, Mavoa, Suzanne, Badland, Hannah and Giles-Corti, Billie. (2014). Do low-income neighbourhoods have the least green space? A cross-sectional study of Australia's most populous cities. BMC Public Health. 14, pp. 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-14-292
Distance to school is associated with sedentary time in children : findings from the URBAN study
Hinckson, Erica, McGrath, Les, Hopkins, Will, Oliver, Melody, Badland, Hannah, Mavoa, Suzanne, Witten, Karen and Kearns, Robin. (2014). Distance to school is associated with sedentary time in children : findings from the URBAN study. Frontiers in Public Health. 2, pp. 1-9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2014.00151
Developing a research and practice tool to measure walkability : a demonstration project
Giles-Corti, Billie, Macaulay, Gus, Middleton, Nick, Boruff, Bryan, Bull, Fiona, Butterworth, Iain, Badland, Hannah, Mavoa, Suzanne, Roberts, Rebecca and Christian, Hayley. (2014). Developing a research and practice tool to measure walkability : a demonstration project. Health Promotion Journal of Australia. 25(3), pp. 160-166. https://doi.org/10.1071/HE14050
What constitutes a 'trip'? Examining child journey attributes using GPS and self-report
Oliver, Melody, Mavoa, Suzanne, Badland, Hannah, Carroll, Penelope, Asiasiga, Lanuola, Tavae, N, Kearns, Robin and Witten, Karen. (2014). What constitutes a 'trip'? Examining child journey attributes using GPS and self-report. Children's Geographies. 12(2), pp. 249-256. https://doi.org/10.1080/14733285.2014.890370
Utility of passive photography to objectively audit built environment features of active transport journeys : an observational study
Oliver, Melody, Doherty, Aiden, Kelly, Paul, Badland, Hannah, Mavoa, Suzanne, Shepherd, Janine, Kerr, Jacqueline, Marshall, Simon, Hamilton, Alexander and Foster, Charlie. (2013). Utility of passive photography to objectively audit built environment features of active transport journeys : an observational study. International Journal of Health Geographics. 12(20), pp. 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1186/1476-072X-12-20
Using simple agent-based modeling to inform and enhance neighborhood walkability
Badland, Hannah, White, Marcus, MacAulay, Gus, Eagleson, Serryn, Mavoa, Suzanne, Pettit, Christopher and Giles-Corti, Billie. (2013). Using simple agent-based modeling to inform and enhance neighborhood walkability. International Journal of Health Geographics. 12, pp. 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1186/1476-072X-12-58
Portable Global Positioning System Receivers : Static Validity and Environmental Conditions
Duncan, Scott, Stewart, Tom, Oliver, Melody, Mavoa, Suzanne, MacRae, Deborah, Badland, Hannah and Duncan, Mitch. (2013). Portable Global Positioning System Receivers : Static Validity and Environmental Conditions. American Journal of Preventive Medicine. 44(2), pp. 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2012.10.013
Using SenseCam Images to Assess the Environment
Mavoa, Suzanne, Oliver, Melody, Kerr, Jacqueline, Doherty, Aiden and Witten, Karen. (2013). Using SenseCam Images to Assess the Environment. United States: Association for Computing Machinery. pp. 84 https://doi.org/10.1145/2526667.2526683
Neighborhood built environment and transport and leisure physical activity : findings using objective exposure and outcome measures in New Zealand
Witten, Karen, Blakely, Tony, Bagheri, Nasser, Badland, Hannah, Ivory, Vivienne, Pearce, Jamie, Mavoa, Suzanne, Hinckson, Erica and Schofield, Grant. (2012). Neighborhood built environment and transport and leisure physical activity : findings using objective exposure and outcome measures in New Zealand. Environmental Health Perspectives. 120(7), pp. 971-977. https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1104584
Association of neighbourhood residence and preferences with the built environment, work-related travel behaviours, and health implications for employed adults : Findings from the URBAN study
Badland, Hannah, Oliver, Melody, Kearns, Robin, Mavoa, Suzanne, Witten, Karen, Duncan, Mitch and Batty, G. David. (2012). Association of neighbourhood residence and preferences with the built environment, work-related travel behaviours, and health implications for employed adults : Findings from the URBAN study. Social Science and Medicine. 75(8), pp. 1469-1476. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2012.05.029
GIS based destination accessibility via public transit and walking in Auckland, New Zealand
Mavoa, Suzanne, Witten, Karen, McCreanor, Tim and O'Sullivan, David. (2012). GIS based destination accessibility via public transit and walking in Auckland, New Zealand. Journal of Transport Geography. 20(1), pp. 15-22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2011.10.001
Linking GPS and travel diary data using sequence alignment in a study of children's independent mobility
Mavoa, Suzanne, Oliver, Melody, Witten, Karen and Badland, Hannah. (2011). Linking GPS and travel diary data using sequence alignment in a study of children's independent mobility. International Journal of Health Geographics. 10, pp. 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1186/1476-072X-10-64
Social and recreational travel : The destinations, travel modes and CO2 emissions of New Zealand households
Witten, Karen, Huakau, John and Mavoa, Suzanne. (2011). Social and recreational travel : The destinations, travel modes and CO2 emissions of New Zealand households. Social Policy Journal of New Zealand : te puna whakaaro. (37), pp. 1-13.
Kids in the city study : research design and methodology
Oliver, Melody, Witten, Karen, Kearns, Robin, Mavoa, Suzanne, Badland, Hannah, Carroll, Penelope, Drumheller, Chelsea, Tavae, Nicola, Asiasiga, Lanuola, Jelley, Su, Kaiwai, Hector, Opit, Simon, Lin, En-Yi, Sweetsur, Paul, Barnes, Helen, Mason, Nic and Ergler, Christina. (2011). Kids in the city study : research design and methodology. BMC Public Health. 11, pp. 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-11-587