The impact of black carbon (BC) on mode-specific galvanic skin response (GSR) as a measure of stress in urban environments
Journal article
Yang, Xiuleng, Orjuela, Juan, McCoy, Emma, Vich, Guillem, Anaya-Boig, Esther, Avila-Palencia, Ione, Brand, Christian, Carrasco-Turigas, Gloria, Dons, Evi, Gerike, Regine, Gotschi, Thomas, Nieuwenhuijsen, Marius Joannes, Panis, Luc, Standaert, Arnout and de Nazelle, Audrey. (2022). The impact of black carbon (BC) on mode-specific galvanic skin response (GSR) as a measure of stress in urban environments. Environmental Research. 214(Part 4), pp. 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114083
Authors | Yang, Xiuleng, Orjuela, Juan, McCoy, Emma, Vich, Guillem, Anaya-Boig, Esther, Avila-Palencia, Ione, Brand, Christian, Carrasco-Turigas, Gloria, Dons, Evi, Gerike, Regine, Gotschi, Thomas, Nieuwenhuijsen, Marius Joannes, Panis, Luc, Standaert, Arnout and de Nazelle, Audrey |
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Abstract | Previous research has shown that walking and cycling could help alleviate stress in cities, however there is poor knowledge on how specific microenvironmental conditions encountered during daily journeys may lead to varying degrees of stress experienced at that moment. We use objectively measured data and a robust causal inference framework to address this gap. Using a Bayesian Doubly Robust (BDR) approach, we find that black carbon exposure statistically significantly increases stress, as measured by Galvanic Skin Response (GSR), while cycling and while walking. Augmented Outcome Regression (AOR) models indicate that greenspace exposure and the presence of walking or cycling infrastructure could reduce stress. None of these effects are statistically significant for people in motorized transport. These findings add to a growing evidence-base on health benefits of policies aimed at decreasing air pollution, improving active travel infrastructure and increasing greenspace in cities. |
Keywords | Active travel; Air pollution; Built environment; Causal inference; Stress; Urban planning |
Year | 01 Jan 2022 |
Journal | Environmental Research |
Journal citation | 214 (Part 4), pp. 1-10 |
Publisher | Academic Press |
ISSN | 0013-9351 |
Digital Object Identifier (DOI) | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114083 |
PubMed ID | 35995220 |
Web address (URL) | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0013935122014104 |
Open access | Published as ‘gold’ (paid) open access |
Research or scholarly | Research |
Page range | 1-10 |
Publisher's version | License File Access Level Open |
Output status | Published |
Publication dates | |
25 Aug 2022 | |
Publication process dates | |
Accepted | 05 Aug 2022 |
Deposited | 17 Jan 2023 |
Additional information | Copyright © 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. |
Place of publication | United States |
https://acuresearchbank.acu.edu.au/item/8y951/the-impact-of-black-carbon-bc-on-mode-specific-galvanic-skin-response-gsr-as-a-measure-of-stress-in-urban-environments
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Publisher's version
OA_Nieuwenhuijsen_2022_The_impact_of_black_carbon_on.pdf | |
License: CC BY 4.0 | |
File access level: Open |
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