Systemic and metabolic signature of sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults

Journal article

Lu, Yanxia, Karagounis, Leonidas G., Ng, Tze Pin, Carre, Christophe, Narang, Vipin, Wong, Glenn, Tan, Crystal Tze Ying, Nyunt, Ma Shwe Zin, Gao, Qi, Abel, Brian, Poidinger, Michael, Fulop, Tamas, Bosco, Nabil and Larbi, Anis. (2020). Systemic and metabolic signature of sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults. Journals of Gerontology: Series A Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences. 75(2), pp. 309-317. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glz001
AuthorsLu, Yanxia, Karagounis, Leonidas G., Ng, Tze Pin, Carre, Christophe, Narang, Vipin, Wong, Glenn, Tan, Crystal Tze Ying, Nyunt, Ma Shwe Zin, Gao, Qi, Abel, Brian, Poidinger, Michael, Fulop, Tamas, Bosco, Nabil and Larbi, Anis
Abstract

Background
Evidence suggests the pivotal contribution of nutrition as a modifiable risk factor for sarcopenia. The present cross-sectional study characterized the nutritional and metabolic profile of sarcopenia through an extensive exploration of a wide array of blood biomarkers related to muscle protein metabolism and transcriptomic signatures in community-dwelling elderly adults.

Methods
Among 189 older individuals with a mean age of 73.2 years, sarcopenia was diagnosed according to the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia criteria based on appendicular lean mass measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan, muscle strength, and gait speed. Nutritional status was evaluated using the mini-nutritional assessment (MNA). In addition, we assessed specific blood biomarkers of nutritional status (plasma essential amino acids [EAAs], vitamins), nicotine-derived metabolites, and an extensive microarray analysis from peripheral blood mononuclear cells.

Results
Malnutrition defined by low MNA score was independently associated with sarcopenia (p < .001). Sarcopenic elderly showed lower body mass index and leptin and higher adiponectin and high-density lipoproteins. Levels of EAAs including lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, as well as branched-chain AAs and choline, were inversely associated with sarcopenia. Furthermore, nicotine metabolites (cotinine and trans-3′-hydroxycotine) and vitamin B6 status were linked to one or more clinical and functional measures of sarcopenia. Differentially expressed genes and ingenuity pathway analysis supported the association of nutrition with sarcopenia.

Conclusions
Herein, the characterization of a nutritional and metabolic signature of sarcopenia provides a firm basis and potential identification of specific targets and directions for the nutritional approach to the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia in aging populations.

Keywordssarcopenia; nutrition; metabolites; ingenuity pathway analysis; modifiable risk factors
Year2020
JournalJournals of Gerontology: Series A Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences
Journal citation75 (2), pp. 309-317
PublisherOxford University Press
ISSN1079-5006
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glz001
PubMed ID30624690
Scopus EID2-s2.0-85075209069
Open accessPublished as ‘gold’ (paid) open access
Page range309-317
FunderAgency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR)
National Medical Research Council (NMRC)
Sanofi Pasteur
Nestlé
Publisher's version
License
File Access Level
Open
Output statusPublished
Publication dates
Online08 Jan 2019
Publication process dates
Deposited19 Nov 2023
Grant ID08/1/21/19/567
1434m00115
NMRC/1108/2007
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