A randomized controlled trial to isolate the effects of fasting and energy restriction on weight loss and metabolic health in lean adults
Journal article
Templeman, Iain, Smith, Harry Alex, Chowdhury, Enhad, Chen, Yung-Chih, Carroll, Harriet, Johnson-Bonson, Drusus, Hengist, Aaron, Smith, Rowan, Creighton, Jade, Clayton, David, Varley, Ian, Karagounis, Leonidas Georgios, Wilhelmsen, Andrew, Tsintzas, Kostas, Reeves, Sue, Walhin, Jean-Philippe, Gonzalez, Javier T., Thompson, Dylan and Betts, James A.. (2021). A randomized controlled trial to isolate the effects of fasting and energy restriction on weight loss and metabolic health in lean adults. Science Translational Medicine. 13(598), pp. 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1126/scitranslmed.abd8034
Authors | Templeman, Iain, Smith, Harry Alex, Chowdhury, Enhad, Chen, Yung-Chih, Carroll, Harriet, Johnson-Bonson, Drusus, Hengist, Aaron, Smith, Rowan, Creighton, Jade, Clayton, David, Varley, Ian, Karagounis, Leonidas Georgios, Wilhelmsen, Andrew, Tsintzas, Kostas, Reeves, Sue, Walhin, Jean-Philippe, Gonzalez, Javier T., Thompson, Dylan and Betts, James A. |
---|---|
Abstract | Intermittent fasting may impart metabolic benefits independent of energy balance by initiating fasting-mediated mechanisms. This randomized controlled trial examined 24-hour fasting with 150% energy intake on alternate days for 3 weeks in lean, healthy individuals (0:150; n = 12). Control groups involved a matched degree of energy restriction applied continuously without fasting (75% energy intake daily; 75:75; n = 12) or a matched pattern of fasting without net energy restriction (200% energy intake on alternate days; 0:200; n = 12). Primary outcomes were body composition, components of energy balance, and postprandial metabolism. Daily energy restriction (75:75) reduced body mass (−1.91 ± 0.99 kilograms) almost entirely due to fat loss (−1.75 ± 0.79 kilograms). Restricting energy intake via fasting (0:150) also decreased body mass (−1.60 ± 1.06 kilograms; P = 0.46 versus 75:75) but with attenuated reductions in body fat (−0.74 ± 1.32 kilograms; P = 0.01 versus 75:75), whereas fasting without energy restriction (0:200) did not significantly reduce either body mass (−0.52 ± 1.09 kilograms; P ≤ 0.04 versus 75:75 and 0:150) or fat mass (−0.12 ± 0.68 kilograms; P ≤ 0.05 versus 75:75 and 0:150). Postprandial indices of cardiometabolic health and gut hormones, along with the expression of key genes in subcutaneous adipose tissue, were not statistically different between groups (P > 0.05). Alternate-day fasting less effectively reduces body fat mass than a matched degree of daily energy restriction and without evidence of fasting-specific effects on metabolic regulation or cardiovascular health. |
Keywords | Intermittent fasting; body fat content ; alternate fasting ; daily restriction |
Year | 01 Jan 2021 |
Journal | Science Translational Medicine |
Journal citation | 13 (598), pp. 1-12 |
Publisher | American Association for the Advancement of Science |
ISSN | 1946-6234 |
Digital Object Identifier (DOI) | https://doi.org/10.1126/scitranslmed.abd8034 |
Web address (URL) | https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/scitranslmed.abd8034 |
Open access | Open access |
Research or scholarly | Research |
Page range | 1-12 |
Author's accepted manuscript | License All rights reserved File Access Level Open |
Output status | Published |
Publication dates | |
Online | 16 Jun 2021 |
Publication process dates | |
Accepted | 10 May 2021 |
Deposited | 20 Nov 2024 |
Additional information | Copyright © 2021 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. |
This is an article distributed under the terms of the Science Journals Default License. | |
Funding: This work was funded by the University of Bath and Nottingham Trent University. | |
Supplementary material available at: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/scitranslmed.abd8034 | |
Place of publication | United States |
https://acuresearchbank.acu.edu.au/item/9114x/a-randomized-controlled-trial-to-isolate-the-effects-of-fasting-and-energy-restriction-on-weight-loss-and-metabolic-health-in-lean-adults
Download files
Author's accepted manuscript
AM_Karagounis_2021_A_randomized_controlled_trial_to_isolate.pdf | |
License: All rights reserved | |
File access level: Open |
4
total views1
total downloads0
views this month0
downloads this month