Postexercise dietary protein ingestion increases whole-body leucine balance in a dose-dependent manner in healthy children

Journal article

Volterman, Kimberly A., Moore, Daniel R., Breithaupt, Peter, Godin, Jean-Philippe, Karagounis, Leonidas G., Offord, Elizabeth A. and Timmons, Brian W.. (2017). Postexercise dietary protein ingestion increases whole-body leucine balance in a dose-dependent manner in healthy children. Journal of Nutrition. 147(5), pp. 807-815. https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.116.239756
AuthorsVolterman, Kimberly A., Moore, Daniel R., Breithaupt, Peter, Godin, Jean-Philippe, Karagounis, Leonidas G., Offord, Elizabeth A. and Timmons, Brian W.
Abstract

Background
Protein ingestion is important in enhancing whole-body protein balance in children. The effect of discrete bolus protein ingestion on acute postexercise recovery has yet to be determined.

Objective
This study determined the effect of increasing doses of ingested protein on postexercise whole-body leucine balance in healthy, active children.

Methods
Thirty-five children (26 boys, 9 girls; age range: 9–13 y; weight mean ± SD: 44.9 ± 10.6 kg) underwent a 5-d adaptation diet (0.95 g protein ⋅ kg−1 ⋅ d−1) before performing 20 min of cycling 3 times with a concurrent, primed, constant infusion of [13C]leucine. After exercise, participants consumed an isoenergetic beverage (140 kcal) containing variable amounts of bovine skim-milk protein and carbohydrates (sucrose) (0, 5, 10, and 15 g protein made up with 35, 30, 25, and 20 g carbohydrates, respectively). Blood and breath samples were taken over the 3 h of recovery to determine non–steady state whole-body leucine oxidation (LeuOX) and net leucine balance (LeuBAL).

Results
LeuOX (secondary outcome) peaked 60 min after beverage ingestion and demonstrated a relative dose-response over the 3 h of recovery (15 g = 10 > 5 > 0 g; P < 0.001). LeuBAL (primary outcome) demonstrated a dose-response over the 3 h [15 g (24.2 ± 8.2 mg/kg) > 10 g (11.6 ± 4.3 mg/kg) > 5 g (5.7 ± 1.9 mg/kg) > 0 g (−3.0 ± 1.7 mg/kg); all P < 0.01] with all conditions different from zero (all P < 0.001).

Conclusions
Over the 3-h postexercise period, LeuBAL was negative with carbohydrate ingestion alone; however, the co-ingestion of carbohydrates and 5 g high-quality dietary protein was sufficient to promote a positive postexercise whole-body protein balance in healthy, active children. Moreover, LeuBAL increased in a dose-dependent manner within the protein range studied. Children should consider consuming a source of dietary protein after physical activity to enhance whole-body anabolism. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01598935.

Keywordsleucine metabolism; dietary protein; exercise; recovery; muscle
Year2017
JournalJournal of Nutrition
Journal citation147 (5), pp. 807-815
PublisherAmerican Society for Nutrition
ISSN0022-3166
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.116.239756
PubMed ID28381530
Scopus EID2-s2.0-85020207397
Page range807-815
FunderNestec Ltd
Publisher's version
License
All rights reserved
File Access Level
Controlled
Output statusPublished
Publication dates
Online05 Apr 2017
Publication process dates
Accepted08 Mar 2017
Deposited28 Apr 2025
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© 2017 American Society for Nutrition.

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