Is a procedural learning deficit a causal risk factor for developmental language disorder or dyslexia? A meta-analytic review
Journal article
West, Gillian, Melby-Lervåg, Monica and Hulme, Charles. (2021). Is a procedural learning deficit a causal risk factor for developmental language disorder or dyslexia? A meta-analytic review. Developmental Psychology. 57(5), pp. 749-770. https://doi.org/10.1037/dev0001172
Authors | West, Gillian, Melby-Lervåg, Monica and Hulme, Charles |
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Abstract | Impaired procedural learning has been suggested as a possible cause of developmental dyslexia (DD) and developmental language disorder (DLD). We evaluate this theory by performing a series of meta-analyses on evidence from the six procedural learning tasks that have most commonly been used to test this theory: the serial reaction time, Hebb learning, artificial grammar and statistical learning, weather prediction, and contextual cuing tasks. Studies using serial reaction time and Hebb learning tasks yielded small group deficits in comparisons between language impaired and typically developing controls (g = −.30 and −.32, respectively). However, a meta-analysis of correlational studies showed that the serial reaction time task was not a reliable correlate of language-related ability in unselected samples (r = .03). Larger group deficits were, however, found in studies using artificial grammar and statistical learning tasks (g = −.48) and the weather prediction task (g = −.63). Possible reasons for the discrepancy in results from different tasks that all purportedly measure procedural learning are highlighted. We conclude that current data do not provide an adequate test of the theory that a generalized procedural learning deficit is a causal risk factor for developmental dyslexia or developmental language disorder. |
Keywords | developmental dyslexia; developmental language disorder; meta-analysis; procedural learning; specific language impairment |
Year | 2021 |
Journal | Developmental Psychology |
Journal citation | 57 (5), pp. 749-770 |
Publisher | American Psychological Association |
ISSN | 1939-0599 |
Digital Object Identifier (DOI) | https://doi.org/10.1037/dev0001172 |
Scopus EID | 2-s2.0-85109386060 |
Open access | Published as green open access |
Research or scholarly | Research |
Page range | 749-770 |
Author's accepted manuscript | License All rights reserved File Access Level Open |
Publisher's version | License All rights reserved File Access Level Controlled |
Output status | Published |
Publication dates | |
Online | 2021 |
Publication process dates | |
Deposited | 30 May 2022 |
https://acuresearchbank.acu.edu.au/item/8xx74/is-a-procedural-learning-deficit-a-causal-risk-factor-for-developmental-language-disorder-or-dyslexia-a-meta-analytic-review
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AM_West_2021_Is_a_procedural_learning_deficit_a.pdf | |
License: All rights reserved | |
File access level: Open |
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