Seeking solitude skills : Do memories of intrinsic goals enhance enjoyment of alone time?
Journal article
Bradshaw, Emma, Ferber, Kelly and Ryan, Richard Michael. (2024). Seeking solitude skills : Do memories of intrinsic goals enhance enjoyment of alone time? Journal of Personality. pp. 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.12914
Authors | Bradshaw, Emma, Ferber, Kelly and Ryan, Richard Michael |
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Abstract | Objective: Further investigate the application of self-determination theory (SDT) to experiences of solitude by examining the effects of recalling intrinsic versus non-intrinsic memories. Background: SDT research indicates that recalling memories associated with intrinsic goals (e.g., personal growth, relationships, altruism) enhances present moment wellness by satisfying basic psychological needs. Method: Two studies were conducted with American adults. Study 1 included 465 participants (age = 49.49 [SD = 19.01], 49.46% female) and Study 2 comprised 490 participants (age = 54.16 [SD = 18.89], 51.84% female). Both studies assessed the impact of recalling intrinsic versus non-intrinsic memories prior to a five-minute solitude session. Results: Study 1 found intrinsic memories were linked to more basic psychological need satisfaction than non-intrinsic memories, but both memory types resulted in similar wellness improvements. Contrary to expectations, Study 2 revealed extrinsic memories (e.g., wealth, fame, image) led to the highest basic psychological need satisfaction and least need frustration compared to intrinsic and neutral memories, with all memory conditions showing similar wellness gains. Conclusions: Solitude appears beneficial regardless of memory content. While different memories vary in need satisfying quality, this does not seem to impact the benefits of solitude. These findings suggest further exploration is needed before developing a “solitude skill set” for use during inevitable periods of solitude. |
Keywords | autonomy; extrinsic; loneliness; mindfulness; motivation |
Year | 01 Jan 2024 |
Journal | Journal of Personality |
Journal citation | pp. 1-17 |
Publisher | Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, Inc. (US) |
ISSN | 1467-6494 |
Digital Object Identifier (DOI) | https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.12914 |
Web address (URL) | https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jopy.12914 |
Open access | Published as ‘gold’ (paid) open access |
Research or scholarly | Research |
Page range | 1-17 |
Publisher's version | License File Access Level Open |
Output status | Published |
Publication dates | |
Online | 15 Jan 2024 |
Publication process dates | |
Accepted | 11 Dec 2023 |
Deposited | 05 Feb 2024 |
Additional information | © 2024 The Authors. Journal of Personality published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. |
This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made. | |
Place of publication | Austria |
https://acuresearchbank.acu.edu.au/item/90169/seeking-solitude-skills-do-memories-of-intrinsic-goals-enhance-enjoyment-of-alone-time
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Publisher's version
OA_Bradshaw_2024_Seeking_solitude_skills_Do_memories_of.pdf | |
License: CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 | |
File access level: Open |
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