Prevalence of impaired physiological function consistent with Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (RED-S) : An Australian elite and pre-elite cohort
Journal article
Rogers, Margot Anne, Appaneal, Renee Newcomer, Hughes, David, Vlahovich, Nicole, Waddington, Gordon, Burke, Louise M. and Drew, Michael. (2021). Prevalence of impaired physiological function consistent with Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (RED-S) : An Australian elite and pre-elite cohort. British Journal of Sports Medicine. 55(1), pp. 38-45. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2019-101517
Authors | Rogers, Margot Anne, Appaneal, Renee Newcomer, Hughes, David, Vlahovich, Nicole, Waddington, Gordon, Burke, Louise M. and Drew, Michael |
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Abstract | Objectives: Athlete health, training continuity and performance can be impeded as a result of Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (RED-S). Here we report the point prevalence of symptoms described by the RED-S model in a mixed-sport cohort of Australian female athletes. Methods: Elite and pre-elite female athletes (n=112) from eight sports completed validated questionnaires and underwent clinical assessment to assess the point prevalence of RED-S symptoms. Questionnaires included the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Questionnaire (DASS-21), Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7), Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), SCOFF questionnaire for disordered eating, Low Energy Availability in Females Questionnaire (LEAF-Q), and a custom questionnaire on injury and illness. Clinical assessment comprised resting metabolic rate (RMR) assessment, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry-derived body composition and bone mineral density, venous and capillary blood samples, and the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI 7.0.2). Descriptive prevalence statistics are presented. Results: Almost all (80%) participants (age 19 (range 15–32) years; mass 69.5±10.3 kg; body fat 23.1%±5.0%) demonstrated at least one symptom consistent with RED-S, with 37% exhibiting between two and three symptoms. One participant demonstrated five symptoms. Impaired function of the immunological (28%, n=27), haematological (31%, n=33) and gastrointestinal (47%, n=51) systems were most prevalent. A moderate to high (11%–55%) prevalence of risk of low energy availability was identified via RMR and LEAF-Q, and identified mental illnesses were prevalent in one-third of the assessed cohort. Conclusion: Symptoms described by the RED-S model were prevalent in this cohort, supporting the need for improved awareness, monitoring and management of these symptoms in this population. |
Year | 2021 |
Journal | British Journal of Sports Medicine |
Journal citation | 55 (1), pp. 38-45 |
Publisher | BMJ Publishing Group Limited |
ISSN | 0306-3674 |
Digital Object Identifier (DOI) | https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2019-101517 |
Scopus EID | 2-s2.0-85096436931 |
Research or scholarly | Research |
Page range | 38-45 |
Publisher's version | License All rights reserved File Access Level Controlled |
Output status | Published |
Publication dates | |
16 Nov 2020 | |
Publication process dates | |
Accepted | 26 Oct 2020 |
Deposited | 03 Jun 2021 |
https://acuresearchbank.acu.edu.au/item/8w28q/prevalence-of-impaired-physiological-function-consistent-with-relative-energy-deficiency-in-sport-red-s-an-australian-elite-and-pre-elite-cohort
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