Day-to-Day Glycemic Variability Using Continuous Glucose Monitors in Endurance Athletes
Journal article
Bowler, Amy-Lee M., Burke, Louise Mary, Coffey, Vernon and Cox, Gregory. (2024). Day-to-Day Glycemic Variability Using Continuous Glucose Monitors in Endurance Athletes. Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology. pp. 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1177/19322968241250355
Authors | Bowler, Amy-Lee M., Burke, Louise Mary, Coffey, Vernon and Cox, Gregory |
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Abstract | Objectives: The application of continuous glucose monitors (CGMs) to measure interstitial glucose in athletic populations is limited by the lack of accepted athlete-specific reference values. The aim of this study was to develop athlete-specific reference ranges for glycemic variability under standardized diet and exercise conditions. Methods: A total of 12 elite racewalkers (n = 7 men, 22.4 ± 3.5 years, VO2max 61.6 ± 7.3 mL kg−1 min−1) completed two 4-d trials separated by 4-d. Athletes were provided a high-energy, high-carbohydrate diet (225 ± 1.6 kJ kg−1 day−1, 8.4 ± 0.3 g kg−1 day−1 carbohydrate) and completed standardized daily exercise. The timing of food consumed and exercise undertaken were matched each day across the 4-d trials. Interstitial glucose data were collected via Freestyle Libre 2 CGMs. Glycemic variability was calculated as the mean amplitude of glycemic excursions (MAGEs), mean of daily differences (MODD), and standard deviation (SD). Results: Twenty-four hour MODD, MAGE, and SD for interstitial glucose were 12.6 ± 1.8 mg/dL (0.7 ± 0.1 mmol/L), 36.0 ± 5.4 mg/dL (2.0 ± 0.3 mmol/L), and 16.2 ± 1.8 mg/dL (0.9 ± 0.1 mmol/L), respectively. Twenty-four hour mean glucose (MG; 102.6 ± 5.4 mg/dL [5.7 ± 0.3 mmol/L]) was higher than overnight (91.8 ± 5.4 mg/dL [5.1 ± 0.3 mmol/L]; P < .0001) and was lower in women than men (99.0 ± 3.6 mg/dL [5.5 ± 0.2 mmol/L] vs 104.4 ± 3.6 mg/dL [5.8 ± 0.2 mmol/L]; P = .059, d = 1.4). Conclusions: This study provides reference indices under standardized diet and exercise conditions for glycemic variability derived from CGMs in endurance athletes which are similar than previously reported for healthy individuals, despite strenuous daily training and a high daily energy and carbohydrate diet. |
Keywords | athletes; continuous glucose monitoring; glycemic variability; interstitial glucose |
Year | 01 Jan 2024 |
Journal | Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology |
Journal citation | pp. 1-8 |
Publisher | Sage Publications, Inc. (US) |
ISSN | 1932-2968 |
Digital Object Identifier (DOI) | https://doi.org/10.1177/19322968241250355 |
PubMed ID | 38726672 |
Web address (URL) | https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/19322968241250355 |
Open access | Open access |
Research or scholarly | Research |
Page range | 1-8 |
Publisher's version | License File Access Level Open |
Output status | Published |
Publication dates | |
Online | 10 May 2024 |
Publication process dates | |
Deposited | 14 Nov 2024 |
Additional information | © 2024 Diabetes Technology Society. |
This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) which permits any use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage). | |
Place of publication | United States |
https://acuresearchbank.acu.edu.au/item/910y6/day-to-day-glycemic-variability-using-continuous-glucose-monitors-in-endurance-athletes
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Publisher's version
OA_Burke_2024_Day_to_day_glycemic_variability_using.pdf | |
License: CC BY 4.0 | |
File access level: Open |
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