Postexercise high-fat feeding suppresses p70S6K1 activity in human skeletal muscle

Journal article

Hammond, Kelly M., Impey, Samuel G., Currell, Kevin, Mitchell, Nigel, Shepherd, Sam O., Jeromson, Stewart, Hawley, John A., Close, Graeme L., Hamilton, Lee D., Sharples, Adam P. and Morton, James P.. (2016). Postexercise high-fat feeding suppresses p70S6K1 activity in human skeletal muscle. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 48(11), pp. 2108-2117. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000001009
AuthorsHammond, Kelly M., Impey, Samuel G., Currell, Kevin, Mitchell, Nigel, Shepherd, Sam O., Jeromson, Stewart, Hawley, John A., Close, Graeme L., Hamilton, Lee D., Sharples, Adam P. and Morton, James P.
Abstract

Purpose
This study aimed to examine the effects of reduced CHO but high postexercise fat availability on cell signaling and expression of genes with putative roles in regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis, lipid metabolism, and muscle protein synthesis.

Methods
Ten males completed a twice per day exercise model (3.5 h between sessions) comprising morning high-intensity interval training (8 × 5 min at 85% V˙O2peak) and afternoon steady-state (SS) running (60 min at 70% V˙O2peak). In a repeated-measures design, runners exercised under different isoenergetic dietary conditions consisting of high-CHO (HCHO: 10 g·kg−1 CHO, 2.5 g·kg−1 protein, and 0.8 g·kg−1 fat for the entire trial period) or reduced-CHO but high-fat availability in the postexercise recovery periods (HFAT: 2.5 g·kg−1 CHO, 2.5 g·kg−1 protein, and 3.5 g·kg−1 fat for the entire trial period).

Results
Muscle glycogen was lower (P < 0.05) at 3 h (251 vs 301 mmol·kg−1 dry weight) and 15 h (182 vs 312 mmol·kg−1 dry weight) post-SS exercise in HFAT compared with HCHO. Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase α2 activity was not increased post-SS in either condition (P = 0.41), although comparable increases (all P < 0.05) in PGC-1α, p53, citrate synthase, Tfam, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor, and estrogen-related receptor α mRNA were observed in HCHO and HFAT. By contrast, PDK4 (P = 0.003), CD36 (P = 0.05), and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (P = 0.03) mRNA were greater in HFAT in the recovery period from SS exercise compared with HCHO. Ribosomal protein S6 kinase activity was higher (P = 0.08) at 3 h post-SS exercise in HCHO versus HFAT (72.7 ± 51.9 vs 44.7 ± 27 fmol·min−1·mg−1).

Conclusion
Postexercise high-fat feeding does not augment the mRNA expression of genes associated with regulatory roles in mitochondrial biogenesis, although it does increase lipid gene expression. However, postexercise ribosomal protein S6 kinase 1 activity is reduced under conditions of high-fat feeding, thus potentially impairing skeletal muscle remodeling processes.

KeywordsAMPK-α2; PGC-1α; p53; glycogen; mitochondrial biogenesis
Year2016
JournalMedicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
Journal citation48 (11), pp. 2108-2117
PublisherLippincott Williams & Wilkins
ISSN0195-9131
1530-0315
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000001009
Scopus EID2-s2.0-84975453733
Open accessPublished as green open access
Page range2108-2117
FunderEnglish Institute of Sport (EIS)
Science in Sport, PLC (SiS)
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Output statusPublished
Publication dates
OnlineNov 2016
Publication process dates
AcceptedJun 2016
Deposited20 Oct 2022
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Burke, Louise, Ross, Megan L.L., Garvican, Laura A., Welvaert, Marijke, Heikura, Ida A., Forbes, Sara G., Mirtschin, Jo, Cato, Louise E., Strobel, Nicki, Sharma, Avish P. and Hawley, John. (2017). Low carbohydrate, high fat diet impairs exercise economy and negates the performance benefit from intensified training in elite race walkers. The Journal of Physiology. 595(9), pp. 2785 - 2807. https://doi.org/10.1113/JP273230
Dynamic proteome profiling of individual proteins in human skeletal muscle after a high-fat diet and resistance exercise
Camera, Donny M., Burniston, Jatin G., Pogson, Mark A., Smiles, William J. and Hawley, John A.. (2017). Dynamic proteome profiling of individual proteins in human skeletal muscle after a high-fat diet and resistance exercise. The FASEB Journal. 31(12), pp. 5478-5494. https://doi.org/10.1096/fj.201700531R
Transcriptomic and epigenetic responses to short-term nutrient-exercise stress in humans
Laker, R. C., Garde, C., Camera, Donny, Smiles, William, Zierath, J. R., Hawley, John and Barrès, R.. (2017). Transcriptomic and epigenetic responses to short-term nutrient-exercise stress in humans. Scientific Reports. 7(1), pp. 1 - 12. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-15420-7
Commentaries on Viewpoint: A time for exercise: the exercise window
Boule, Normand G., Terada, Tasuku, Francois, Monique E., Hawley, John, Cotter, James D., Kruse, Nicholas T., McDonald, Matthew W., Olver, T D., Paoli, Antonio, Sacchetti, Massimo, Di Luigi, Luigi, van Dijk, Jan W., Van Loon, Luc, Yardley, Jane E., DiPietro, Loretta, Gribok, Andrei and Rumpler, William. (2017). Commentaries on Viewpoint: A time for exercise: the exercise window. Journal of Applied Physiology. 122(1), pp. 210 - 213. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00938.2016
Sprinting toward fitness
Gibala, M. J. and Hawley, John. (2017). Sprinting toward fitness. Cell Metabolism. 25(5), pp. 988 - 990. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2017.04.030
Expression of microRNAs and target proteins in skeletal muscle of rats selectively bred for high and low running capacity
Pinto, Samuel K., Lamon, Séverine, Stephenson, Erin J., Kalanon, M., Mikovic, Jasmine, Koch, L G., Britton, S. L., Hawley, John and Camera, Donny. (2017). Expression of microRNAs and target proteins in skeletal muscle of rats selectively bred for high and low running capacity. American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism. 313(3), pp. 335 - 343. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00043.2017
Adaptations to prolonged, intense endurance training in human skeletal muscle
Hawley, J. A. (2016). Adaptations to prolonged, intense endurance training in human skeletal muscle. In In I Mujika and Y Le Meur (Ed.). Endurance Training pp. 119-126 Inigo Mujika.
Update on the effects of physical activity on insulin sensitivity in humans
Bird, Stephen R. and Hawley, John. (2016). Update on the effects of physical activity on insulin sensitivity in humans. 2(1), pp. 1 - 26. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2016-000143
Revisiting the three component synthesis of isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridines, 4-aryl-3,7,7-trimethyl-isoxazolo[5,4-b]quinolin-5(6H)-ones and related heterocycles
Lingham, Anthony R., Hawley, John A., Greaves, Tamar, Jackson, Neale, Antolasic, Frank and Hugel, Helmut M.. (2016). Revisiting the three component synthesis of isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridines, 4-aryl-3,7,7-trimethyl-isoxazolo[5,4-b]quinolin-5(6H)-ones and related heterocycles. Polyhedron. 120, pp. 175 - 179. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.poly.2016.09.011
Carbohydrate dependence during prolonged simulated cycling time trials
Torrens, Samuel L., Areta, José L., Parr, Evelyn B. and Hawley, John A.. (2016). Carbohydrate dependence during prolonged simulated cycling time trials. European Journal of Applied Physiology. 116(4), pp. 781-790. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-016-3333-y
Acute endurance exercise induces nuclear p53 abundance in human skeletal muscle
Tachtsis, Bill, Smiles, William, Lane, Steven C., Hawley, John Alan and Camera, Donny Michael. (2016). Acute endurance exercise induces nuclear p53 abundance in human skeletal muscle. Frontiers in Physiology. 7(144), pp. 1 - 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2016.00144
Circulating microRNA responses between 'high' and 'low' responders to a 16-wk diet and exercise weight loss intervention
Parr, Evelyn B., Camera, Donny M., Burke, Louise M., Phillips, Stuart M., Coffey, Vernon G. and Hawley, John Alan. (2016). Circulating microRNA responses between 'high' and 'low' responders to a 16-wk diet and exercise weight loss intervention. PLoS ONE. 11(4), pp. 1 - 14. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0152545
Altering fatty acid availability does not impair prolonged, continuous running to fatigue: Evidence for carbohydrate dependence
Leckey, Jill, Burke, Louise Mary, Morton, James P. and Hawley, John Alan. (2016). Altering fatty acid availability does not impair prolonged, continuous running to fatigue: Evidence for carbohydrate dependence. Journal of Applied Physiology. 120(2), pp. 107 - 113. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00855.2015
Commentaries on Viewpoint: The rigorous study of exercise adaptations: Why mRNA might not be enough
Camera, Donny and Hawley, John. (2016). Commentaries on Viewpoint: The rigorous study of exercise adaptations: Why mRNA might not be enough. Journal of Applied Physiology. 121(2), pp. 598 - 598. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00509.2016
Exercise-induced skeletal muscle signaling pathways and human athletic performance
Camera, Donny Michael, Smiles, William J. and Hawley, John Alan. (2016). Exercise-induced skeletal muscle signaling pathways and human athletic performance. Free Radical Biology & Medicine. 98, pp. 131 - 143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.02.007
Effects of skeletal muscle energy availability on protein turnover responses to exercise
Smiles, William J., Hawley, John Alan and Camera, Donny Michael. (2016). Effects of skeletal muscle energy availability on protein turnover responses to exercise. Journal of Experimental Biology. 219(Pt 2), pp. 214 - 225. https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.125104
Periodization of carbohydrate intake: Short-term effect on performance
Marquet, Laurie-Anne, Hausswirth, Christophe, Molle, Odeline, Hawley, John A., Burke, Louise M., Tiollier, Eve and Brisswalter, Jeanick. (2016). Periodization of carbohydrate intake: Short-term effect on performance. Nutrients. 8(12), pp. 1 - 13. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu8120755
A randomized trial of high-dairy-protein, variable-carbohydrate diets and exercise on body composition in adults with obesity
Parr, Evelyn B., Coffey, Vernon Glenn, Cato, Louise E., Phillips, Stuart M., Burke, Louise Mary and Hawley, John Alan. (2016). A randomized trial of high-dairy-protein, variable-carbohydrate diets and exercise on body composition in adults with obesity. Obesity. 24(5), pp. 1035 - 1045. https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.21451
Metabolism: One step forward for exercise
Hawley, John Alan and Krook, Anna. (2016). Metabolism: One step forward for exercise. Nature Reviews Endocrinology. 12(1), pp. 7 - 8. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrendo.2015.201
Protein coingestion with alcohol following strenuous exercise attenuates alcohol-induced intramyocellular apoptosis and inhibition of autophagy
Smiles, William J., Parr, Evelyn B., Coffey, Vernon G., Lacham-Kaplan, Orly, Hawley, John Alan and Camera, Donny Michael. (2016). Protein coingestion with alcohol following strenuous exercise attenuates alcohol-induced intramyocellular apoptosis and inhibition of autophagy. American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism. 311(5), pp. E836 - E849. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00303.2016
Attenuated PGC-1α isoforms following endurance exercise with blood flow restriction
Conceição, Miguel Soares, Chacon-Mikahil, Mara Patricia Traina, Telles, Guilherme Defante, Libardi, Cleiton Augusto, Júnior, Edson Manoel Mendes, Vechin, Felipe Cassaro, Lugani de Andrade, André Luis, Gáspari, Arthur Fernandes, Brum, Patrícia Chakur, Cavaglieri, Cláudia Regina, Serag, Sara, Spiegelman, Bruce M., Hawley, John A. and Camera, Donny M.. (2016). Attenuated PGC-1α isoforms following endurance exercise with blood flow restriction. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 16(4809), pp. 1699-1707. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000000970
SnapShot: Exercise metabolism
Egan, Brendan, Hawley, John Alan and Zierath, Juleen R.. (2016). SnapShot: Exercise metabolism. Cell Metabolism. 24(2), pp. 342 - 342. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2016.07.013
Selective modulation of microRNA expression with protein ingestion following concurrent resistance and endurance exercise in human skeletal muscle
Camera, Donny Michael, Ong, Jun N., Coffey, Vernon Glenn and Hawley, John Alan. (2016). Selective modulation of microRNA expression with protein ingestion following concurrent resistance and endurance exercise in human skeletal muscle. Frontiers in Physiology. 7(Mar), pp. 1 - 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2016.00087
Enhanced endurance performance by periodization of CHO intake: "Sleep Low" strategy
Marquet, Laurie-Anne, Brisswalter, Jeanick, Louis, Julien, Tiollier, Eve, Burke, Louise Mary, Hawley, John Alan and Hausswirth, Christophe. (2016). Enhanced endurance performance by periodization of CHO intake: "Sleep Low" strategy. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 48(4), pp. 663 - 672. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000000823
Modulation of autophagy signaling with resistance exercise and protein ingestion following short-term energy deficit
Smiles, William J., Areta, José L., Coffey, Vernon G., Phillips, Stuart M., Moore, Daniel R., Stellingwerff, Trent, Burke, Louise M., Hawley, John A. and Camera, Donny M.. (2015). Modulation of autophagy signaling with resistance exercise and protein ingestion following short-term energy deficit. American Journal of Physiology - Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology. 309(5), pp. R603-R612. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00413.2014
Carbohydrate dependence during prolonged, intense endurance exercise
Hawley, John and Leckey, Jill. (2015). Carbohydrate dependence during prolonged, intense endurance exercise. Sports Medicine: reviews of applied medicine and science in sport and exercise. 45, pp. 5 - 12. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-015-0400-1
Carbohydrate availability and exercise training adaptation : Too much of a good thing?
Bartlett, Jonathan, Hawley, John and Morton, James. (2015). Carbohydrate availability and exercise training adaptation : Too much of a good thing? European Journal of Sport Science. 15(1), pp. 3 - 12. https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2014.920926
Nutritional strategies to enhance fat oxidation during aerobic exercise
Burke, Louise and Hawley, John. (2015). Nutritional strategies to enhance fat oxidation during aerobic exercise. In In L. Burke and V. Deakin (Ed.). Clinical sports nutrition pp. 463 - 492 McGraw-Hill Education (Australia) Pty Ltd.
Need for measures of satellite cell activation along with muscle protein synthesis?
Camera, Donny and Hawley, John. (2015). Need for measures of satellite cell activation along with muscle protein synthesis? Journal of Applied Physiology. 118(4), pp. 500 - 500. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00609.2014.
Alcohol ingestion impairs maximal post-exercise rates of myofibrillar protein synthesis following a single bout of concurrent training
Parr, Evelyn, Camera, Donny, Areta, José, Burke, Louise, Phillips, Stuart, Hawley, John A. and Coffey, Vernon. (2014). Alcohol ingestion impairs maximal post-exercise rates of myofibrillar protein synthesis following a single bout of concurrent training. PLoS ONE. 9(2), pp. 1 - 9. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0088384
Ramping up the signal : Promoting endurance training adaptation in skeletal muscle by nutritional manipulation
Hawley, John and Morton, James. (2014). Ramping up the signal : Promoting endurance training adaptation in skeletal muscle by nutritional manipulation. Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology & Physiology. 41(8), pp. 608 - 613. https://doi.org/10.1111/1440-1681.12246
Single and combined effects of beetroot juice and caffeine supplementation on cycling time trial performance
Lane, Stephen C., Hawley, John, Desbrow, Ben, Jones, Andrew M., Blackwell, James R., Ross, Megan L. L., Zemski, Adam J. and Burke, Louise. (2014). Single and combined effects of beetroot juice and caffeine supplementation on cycling time trial performance. 39(9), pp. 1050 - 1057. https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2013-0336
'Exercise snacks' before meals: A novel strategy to improve glycaemic control in individuals with insulin resistance
Francois, Monique, Baldi, James, Manning, Patrick, Lucas, Samuel, Hawley, John Alan, Williams, Michael and Cotter, James. (2014). 'Exercise snacks' before meals: A novel strategy to improve glycaemic control in individuals with insulin resistance. Diabetologia. 57(7), pp. 1437 - 1445. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-014-3244-6
Mitochondrial function in metabolic health: A genetic and environmental tug of war
Stephenson, Erin and Hawley, John Alan. (2014). Mitochondrial function in metabolic health: A genetic and environmental tug of war. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. 1840(4), pp. 1285 - 1294. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbagen.2013.12.004
Single and combined effects of betroot juice and caffeine supplementation on cycling time trial performance
Lane, Stephen, Hawley, John, Desbrow, Ben, Jones, Andrew, Blackwell, James, Ross, Megan, Zemski, Adam and Burke, Louise. (2014). Single and combined effects of betroot juice and caffeine supplementation on cycling time trial performance. Applied Physiology, Nutrition and Metabolism. 39(9), pp. 1050 - 1057. https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2013-0336
Beyond muscle hypertrophy: Why dietary protein is important for endurance athletes
Moore, Daniel, Camera, Donny, Areta, José and Hawley, John A.. (2014). Beyond muscle hypertrophy: Why dietary protein is important for endurance athletes. Applied Physiology, Nutrition and Metabolism. 39(9), pp. 987 - 997. https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2013-0591
Integrative Biology of Exercise
Hawley, John A., Hargreaves, Mark, Joyner, Michael J. and Zierath, Juleen R.. (2014). Integrative Biology of Exercise. Cell. 159(4), pp. 738 - 749. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2014.10.029
The relationship between exercise, nutrition and type 2 diabetes
Stephenson, Erin J., Smiles, William and Hawley, John Alan. (2014). The relationship between exercise, nutrition and type 2 diabetes. Medicine and Sport Science. 60, pp. 1 - 10. https://doi.org/10.1159/000357331
Increasing leucine concentration stimulates mechanistic target of rapamycin signaling an cell growth in C2C12 skeletal muscle cells
Areta, José, Hawley, John A., Ye, Ji-Ming, Chan, M. H. Stanley and Coffey, Vernon. (2014). Increasing leucine concentration stimulates mechanistic target of rapamycin signaling an cell growth in C2C12 skeletal muscle cells. Nutrition Research. 34(11), pp. 1000 - 1007. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nutres.2014.09.011
Reduced resting skeletal muscle protein synthesis is reduced by resistance exercise and protein ingestion following short-term energy deficit
Areta, José, Burke, Louise, Camera, Donny, West, Daniel, Crawshay, Siobhan, Moore, Daniel, Stellingwerff, Trent, Phillips, Stuart, Hawley, John A. and Coffey, Vernon. (2014). Reduced resting skeletal muscle protein synthesis is reduced by resistance exercise and protein ingestion following short-term energy deficit. American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism. 306(8), pp. E989 - E997. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00590.2013
Ramping up the signal: Promoting endurance training adaptation in skeletal muscle by nutritional manipulation
Hawley, John Alan and Morton, James. (2014). Ramping up the signal: Promoting endurance training adaptation in skeletal muscle by nutritional manipulation. Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology & Physiology. 41(8), pp. 608 - 613. https://doi.org/10.1111/1440-1681.12246
Meteorin-like is a hormone that regulates immune-adipose interactions to increase beige fat thermogenesis
Rao, Rajesh, Long, Jonathan, White, James, Svensson, Katrin, Lou, Jesse, Lokurkar, Isha, Jedrychowski, Mark, Ruas, Jorge, Wrann, Christiane, Lo, James, Camera, Donny, Lachey, Jenn, Gygi, Steven, Seehra, Jasbir, Hawley, John and Spiegelman, Bruce. (2014). Meteorin-like is a hormone that regulates immune-adipose interactions to increase beige fat thermogenesis. Cell. 157(6), pp. 1279 - 1291. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2014.03.065
Integrative biology of exercise
Hawley, John A., Hargreaves, Mark, Joyner, Michael J. and Zierath, Juleen R.. (2014). Integrative biology of exercise. Cell. 159(6), pp. 738 - 749. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2014.10.029
Meteorin-like Is a Hormone that Regulates Immune-Adipose Interactions to Increase Beige Fat Thermogenesis
Rao, Rajesh, Long, Jonathan Z., White, James P., Svensson, Katrin J., Lou, Jesse, Lokurkar, Isha, Jedrychowski, Mark P., Ruas, Jorge L., Wrann, Christine D., Camera, Donny, Lachey, Jenn, Gygi, Steven, Seehra, Jasbir, Hawley, John and Spiegelman, Bruce M.. (2014). Meteorin-like Is a Hormone that Regulates Immune-Adipose Interactions to Increase Beige Fat Thermogenesis. Cell. 157(6), pp. 1279 - 1291. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2014.03.065
Acute changes to biomarkers as a consequence of prolonged strenuous running
Bird, Stephen R., Linden, Matthew and Hawley, John Alan. (2014). Acute changes to biomarkers as a consequence of prolonged strenuous running. Annals of Clinical Biochemistry. 51(2), pp. 137 - 150. https://doi.org/10.1177/0004563213492147
Two weeks of reduced-volume sprint interval or traditional exercise training does not improve metabolic functioning in sedentary obese men
Skleryk, J, Karagounis, Leonidas, Hawley, John, Sharman, Matthew, Laursen, Paul and Watson, Greg. (2013). Two weeks of reduced-volume sprint interval or traditional exercise training does not improve metabolic functioning in sedentary obese men. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism: a journal of pharmacology and therapeutics. https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.12150
Nutritional strategies to modulate the adaptive response to endurance training
Hawley, John Alan. (2013). Nutritional strategies to modulate the adaptive response to endurance training. Nestle Nutrition Institute Workshop Series. 75, pp. 1 - 14. https://doi.org/10.1159/000345813
Exercise training enhances white adipose tissue metabolism in rats selectively bred for low- or high-endurance running capacity
Stephenson, Erin, Lessard, Sarah, Rivas, Donato, Watt, Matthew, Yaspelkis III, Ben, Koch, Lauren, Britton, Steven and Hawley, John. (2013). Exercise training enhances white adipose tissue metabolism in rats selectively bred for low- or high-endurance running capacity. American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00544.2012
Caffeine ingestion and cycling power output in a low or normal muscle glycogen state
Lane, Suzanne, Areta, José, Bird, S, Coffey, Vernon, Burke, Louise, Desbrow, B, Karagounis, L and Hawley, John A.. (2013). Caffeine ingestion and cycling power output in a low or normal muscle glycogen state. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e31828af183
Effect of a carbohydrate mouth rinse on simulated cycling time-trial performance commenced in a fed or fasted state
Lane, Stephen, Bird, S, Burke, Louise and Hawley, John. (2013). Effect of a carbohydrate mouth rinse on simulated cycling time-trial performance commenced in a fed or fasted state. Applied Physiology, Nutrition and Metabolism. https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2012-0300
ERK1/2 in the brain mediates the effects of central resistin on reducing thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue
Kosari, Samin, Camera, Donny Michael, Hawley, John Alan, Stebbing, Martin and Badoer, Emilio. (2013). ERK1/2 in the brain mediates the effects of central resistin on reducing thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue. International Journal of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Pharmacology. 5(3), pp. 184 - 189.
Preexercise aminoacidemia and muscle protein synthesis after resistance exercise
Burke, Louise, Hawley, John, Ross, M, Moore, Daniel, Phillips, S, Slater, G, Stellingwerff, T, Tipton, K, Garnham, A and Coffey, Vernon. (2012). Preexercise aminoacidemia and muscle protein synthesis after resistance exercise. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 44(10), pp. 1968 - 1977. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e31825d28fa
Skeletal muscle respiratory capacity is enhanced in rats consuming an obesogenic Western diet
Stephenson, E, Camera, Donny, Jenkins, T, Kosari, S, Lee, Joohyung, Hawley, John and Stepto, N. (2012). Skeletal muscle respiratory capacity is enhanced in rats consuming an obesogenic Western diet. American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism. 302(12), pp. E1541 - E1549. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00590.2011
What's new since Hippocrates? : Preventing type 2 diabetes by physical exercise and diet
Hawley, John and Gibala, M. (2012). What's new since Hippocrates? : Preventing type 2 diabetes by physical exercise and diet. Diabetologia. 55(3), pp. 535 - 539. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-012-2460-1
Daytime pattern of post-exercise protein intake affects whole-body protein turnover in resistance-trained males
Moore, Daniel, Areta, José, Coffey, Vernon, Stellingwerff, Trent, Phillips, Stuart, Burke, Louise, Cleroux, Marilyn, Godin, Jean-Philippe and Hawley, John Alan. (2012). Daytime pattern of post-exercise protein intake affects whole-body protein turnover in resistance-trained males. Nutrition and Metabolism. 9(91), pp. 1 - 5. https://doi.org/10.1186/1743-7075-9-91
Divergent skeletal muscle respiratory capacities in rats artificially selected for high and low running ability : A role for Nor1?
Stephenson, E, Stepto, N, Koch, L, Britton, S and Hawley, John. (2012). Divergent skeletal muscle respiratory capacities in rats artificially selected for high and low running ability : A role for Nor1? Journal of Applied Physiology. 113(9), pp. 1403 - 1412. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00788.2012
Reply from M. J. Gibala, J. P. Little, M. J. MadDonald and J. A. Hawley
Gibala, M. J., Little, John, Macdonald, M. J. and Hawley, John. (2012). Reply from M. J. Gibala, J. P. Little, M. J. MadDonald and J. A. Hawley. The Journal of Physiology. 590(14), pp. 3391 - 3391. https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.2012.235127
Preexercise nutrient timing in endurance activity
Broad, E., Karagounis, L. and Hawley, John Alan. (2012). Preexercise nutrient timing in endurance activity. In In C. M. Kerksick (Ed.). Nutrient Timing: Metabolic Optimization for Health, Performance, and Recovery pp. 118 - 118 Taylor & Francis.
Sex-based comparisons of myofibrillar protein synthesis after resistance exercise in the fed state
West, D, Burd, N, Churchward-Venne, T, Camera, Donny, Mitchell, Cameron, Baker, S, Hawley, John, Coffey, Vernon and Phillips, S. (2012). Sex-based comparisons of myofibrillar protein synthesis after resistance exercise in the fed state. Journal of Applied Physiology. 112(11), pp. 1805 - 1813. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00170.2012
Low muscle glycogen concentration does not suppress the anabolic response to resistance exercise
Camera, Donny, West, D, Burd, N, Phillips, S, Garnham, A, Hawley, John and Coffey, Vernon. (2012). Low muscle glycogen concentration does not suppress the anabolic response to resistance exercise. Journal of Applied Physiology. 113(2), pp. 206 - 214. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00395.2012
Physiological adaptations to low-volume, high-intensity interval training in health and disease
Gibala, M, Little, John, Macdonald, M and Hawley, John. (2012). Physiological adaptations to low-volume, high-intensity interval training in health and disease. The Journal of Physiology. 590(5), pp. 1077 - 1084. https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.2011.224725
Nutrient provision increases signalling and protein synthesis in human skeletal muscle after repeated sprints
Coffey, Vernon, Moore, Daniel, Burd, N, Rerecich, T, Stellingwerff, T, Garnham, A, Phillips, S and Hawley, John. (2011). Nutrient provision increases signalling and protein synthesis in human skeletal muscle after repeated sprints. European Journal of Applied Physiology. 111(7), pp. 1473 - 1483. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-010-1768-0
Rapid aminoacidemia enhances myofibrillar protein synthesis and anabolic intramuscular signaling responses after resistance exercise
West, D, Burd, N, Coffey, Vernon, Baker, S, Burke, Louise, Hawley, John, Moore, Daniel, Stellingwerff, T and Phillips, S. (2011). Rapid aminoacidemia enhances myofibrillar protein synthesis and anabolic intramuscular signaling responses after resistance exercise. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition: A journal reporting the practical application of our world-wide knowledge of nutrition. 94(3), pp. 795 - 803. https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.111.013722
Nutritional modulation of training-induced skeletal muscle adaptations
Hawley, John, Burke, Louise, Phillips, S and Spriet, L. (2011). Nutritional modulation of training-induced skeletal muscle adaptations. Journal of Applied Physiology. 110(3), pp. 834 - 845. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00949.2010
Single-leg cycle training is superior to double-leg cycling in improving the oxidative potential and metabolic profile of trained skeletal muscle
Abbiss, Chris, Karagounis, L, Laursen, P, Peiffer, J, Martin, D, Hawley, John, Fatehee, N and Martin, J.. (2011). Single-leg cycle training is superior to double-leg cycling in improving the oxidative potential and metabolic profile of trained skeletal muscle. Journal of Applied Physiology. 110(5), pp. 1248 - 1255. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.01247.2010
Carbohydrates for training and competition
Burke, Louise, Hawley, John, Wong, S and Jeukendrup, A. (2011). Carbohydrates for training and competition. Journal of Sports Sciences. 29(Suppl 1), pp. S17 - S27. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2011.585473
Exercise training reverses impaired skeletal muscle metabolism induced by artificial selection for low aerobic capacity
Lessard, S, Rivas, D, Stephenson, E, Yaspelkis, Koch, L, Britton, S, Hawley, John and III, B Yaspelkis. (2011). Exercise training reverses impaired skeletal muscle metabolism induced by artificial selection for low aerobic capacity. American Journal of Physiology - Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology. 300(1), pp. R175 - R182. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00338.2010
Low intrinsic running capacity is associated with reduced skeletal muscle substrate oxidation and lower mitochondrial content in white skeletal muscle
Rivas, D, Lessard, S, Saito, M, Friedhuber, A, Koch, L, Britton, S, Yaspelkis III, B and Hawley, John. (2011). Low intrinsic running capacity is associated with reduced skeletal muscle substrate oxidation and lower mitochondrial content in white skeletal muscle. American Journal of Physiology - Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology. 300(4), pp. 835 - 843. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00659.2010
Substrate oxidation
Hawley, John A.. (2010). Substrate oxidation. In In Connes, Philippe, Hue, Olivier and Perrey, Stéphane (Ed.). Exercise physiology : From a cellular to an integrative approach pp. 340-347 IOS Press.
The effect of exercise on the skeletal muscle phospholipidome of rats fed a high-fat diet
Mitchell, Todd, Turner, Nigel, Else, Paul, Hulbert, Anthony and Hawley, John. (2010). The effect of exercise on the skeletal muscle phospholipidome of rats fed a high-fat diet. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 11(10), pp. 3954 - 3964. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms11103954
Acute signalling responses to intense endurance training commenced with low or normal muscle glycogen : Experimental Physiology-Research Paper
Yeo, W, McGee, S, Carey, A, Paton, C, Garnham, A, Hargreaves, M and Hawley, John. (2010). Acute signalling responses to intense endurance training commenced with low or normal muscle glycogen : Experimental Physiology-Research Paper. Experimental Physiology. 95(2), pp. 351 - 358. https://doi.org/10.1113/expphysiol.2009.049353
Reply
Hawley, John and Martin, David. (2010). Reply. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 5(4), pp. 434 - 436.
Early time course of akt phosphorylation after endurance and resistance exercise
Camera, Donny, Edge, J, Short, M, Hawley, John and Coffey, Vernon. (2010). Early time course of akt phosphorylation after endurance and resistance exercise. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 42(10), pp. 1843 - 1852. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181d964e4
Short-term endurance training does not alter the oxidative capacity of human subcutaneous adipose tissue
Camera, Donny, Anderson, Malcolm, Hawley, John and Carey, A. (2010). Short-term endurance training does not alter the oxidative capacity of human subcutaneous adipose tissue. European Journal of Applied Physiology. 109(2), pp. 307 - 316. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-010-1356-3
Contraction-induced changes in TNFalpha and Akt-mediated signalling are associated with increased myofibrillar protein in rat skeletal muscle
Karagounis, L, Yaspelkis III, B, Reeder, D, Lancaster, G, Hawley, John and Coffey, Vernon. (2010). Contraction-induced changes in TNFalpha and Akt-mediated signalling are associated with increased myofibrillar protein in rat skeletal muscle. European Journal of Applied Physiology. 109(5), pp. 839 - 848. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-010-1427-5
Gamma tocopherol supplementation prevents exercise induced coagulation and platelet aggregation
Vucinic, L, Singh, I, Spargo, F, Hawley, John and Linden, M. (2010). Gamma tocopherol supplementation prevents exercise induced coagulation and platelet aggregation. Thrombosis Research: vascular obstruction, hemorrhage and hemostasis. 125(2), pp. 196 - 199. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.thromres.2009.11.015
Carbohydrate availability and training adaptation: Effects on cell metabolism
Hawley, John and Burke, Louise. (2010). Carbohydrate availability and training adaptation: Effects on cell metabolism. Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews. 38(4), pp. 152 - 160. https://doi.org/10.1097/JES.0b013e3181f44dd9
Daily training with high carbohydrate availability increases exogenous carbohydrate oxidation during endurance cycling
Cox, Geoffrey, Clark, Sally, Cox, A, Halson, Shona, Hargreaves, M, Hawley, John, Jeacocke, N, Snow, Rod, Yeo, W and Burke, Louise. (2010). Daily training with high carbohydrate availability increases exogenous carbohydrate oxidation during endurance cycling. Journal of Applied Physiology. 109(1), pp. 126 - 134. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00950.2009
Aerobic training reverses high-fat diet-induced pro-inflammatory signalling in rat skeletal muscle
Yaspelkis III, B, Kvasha, I, Lessard, S, Rivas, D and Hawley, John. (2010). Aerobic training reverses high-fat diet-induced pro-inflammatory signalling in rat skeletal muscle. European Journal of Applied Physiology. 110(4), pp. 779 - 788. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-010-1559-7
Cytokine responses to carbohydrate ingestion during recovery from exercise-induced muscle injury
Ross, M, Halson, Shona, Suzuki, K, Garnham, A, Hawley, John, Cameron-Smith, David and Peake, J. (2010). Cytokine responses to carbohydrate ingestion during recovery from exercise-induced muscle injury. Journal of Interferon and Cytokine Research. 30(5), pp. 329 - 337. https://doi.org/10.1089/jir.2009.0079
Skeletal muscle : increasing the size of the locomotor cell
Karagounis, L and Hawley, John. (2010). Skeletal muscle : increasing the size of the locomotor cell. The International Journal of Biochemistry and Cell Biology. 42(9), pp. 1376 - 1379. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocel.2010.05.013
Global gene expression in skeletal muscle from well-trained strength and endurance athletes
Stepto, Nigel K., Coffey, Vernon Glenn, Carey, Andrew L., Ponnampalam, Anna P., Canny, Benedict J., Powell, David and Hawley, John Alan. (2009). Global gene expression in skeletal muscle from well-trained strength and endurance athletes. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 41(3), pp. 546 - 565. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e31818c6be9
Effect of consecutive repeated sprint and resistance exercise bouts on acute adaptive responses in human skeletal muscle
Coffey, Vernon Glenn, Jemiolo, Bozena, Edge, Johann, Garnham, Andrew P., Trappe, Scott W. and Hawley, John Alan. (2009). Effect of consecutive repeated sprint and resistance exercise bouts on acute adaptive responses in human skeletal muscle. American Journal of Physiology - Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology. 297(5), pp. 1441 - 1451. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00351.2009
Exercise intensity and insulin sensitivity: How low can you go?
Hawley, John Alan and Gibala, M. J.. (2009). Exercise intensity and insulin sensitivity: How low can you go? Diabetologia. 52(9), pp. 1709 - 1713. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-009-1425-5
Lipid-induced mTOR activation in rat skeletal muscle reversed by exercise and 5'-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-beta-D-ribofuranoside
Rivas, Donato A., Yaspelkis, Ben B., Hawley, John Alan and Lessard, Sarah J.. (2009). Lipid-induced mTOR activation in rat skeletal muscle reversed by exercise and 5'-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-beta-D-ribofuranoside. Journal of Endocrinology. 202(3), pp. 441 - 451. https://doi.org/10.1677/JOE-09-0202
Molecular responses to strength and endurance training: Are they incompatible?
Hawley, John Alan. (2009). Molecular responses to strength and endurance training: Are they incompatible? Applied Physiology, Nutrition and Metabolism. 34(3), pp. 355 - 361. https://doi.org/10.1139/H09-023
The 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase: Regulating the ebb and flow of cellular energetics
Karagounis, Leonidas G. and Hawley, John Alan. (2009). The 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase: Regulating the ebb and flow of cellular energetics. The International Journal of Biochemistry and Cell Biology. 41(12), pp. 2360 - 2363. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocel.2009.07.004
Exercise: It's the real thing!
Hawley, John Alan and Holloszy, J O.. (2009). Exercise: It's the real thing! Nutrition Reviews. 67(3), pp. 172 - 178. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-4887.2009.00185.x
Impaired skeletal muscle beta-adrenergic activation and lipolysis are associated with whole-body insulin resistance in rats bred for low intrinsic exercise capacity
Lessard, Sarah J., Rivas, Donato A., Chen, Zhu-Ping, van Denderen, Bryce J., Watt, Matthew J., Koch, Lauren G., Britton, Steven L., Kemp, Bruce Ernest and Hawley, John Alan. (2009). Impaired skeletal muscle beta-adrenergic activation and lipolysis are associated with whole-body insulin resistance in rats bred for low intrinsic exercise capacity. Endocrinology. 150(11), pp. 4883 - 4891. https://doi.org/10.1210/en.2009-0158
Spectroscopic correlation analysis of NMR-based metabonomics in exercise science
Kirwan, Gemma M., Coffey, Vernon Glenn, Niere, Julie O., Hawley, John Alan and Adams, Michael J.. (2009). Spectroscopic correlation analysis of NMR-based metabonomics in exercise science. Analytica Chimica Acta. 652(1-2), pp. 173 - 179. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2009.07.011
Consecutive bouts of diverse contractile activity alter acute responses in human skeletal muscle
Coffey, Vernon Glenn, Pilegaard, Henriette, Garnham, Andrew P., O'Brien, Brendan J. and Hawley, John Alan. (2009). Consecutive bouts of diverse contractile activity alter acute responses in human skeletal muscle. Journal of Applied Physiology. 106(4), pp. 1187 - 1197. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.91221.2008
Specificity of training adaptation: Time for a rethink?
Hawley, John Alan. (2008). Specificity of training adaptation: Time for a rethink? The Journal of Physiology. 586(1), pp. 1 - 2. https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.2007.147397
Evidence for presribing exercise as a therapy for treating patients with type 2 diabetes
Lessard, Sarah J. and Hawley, John Alan. (2008). Evidence for presribing exercise as a therapy for treating patients with type 2 diabetes. In In J.A. Hawley and J. R. Zierath (Ed.). Physical activity and type 2 diabetes: Therapeutic effects and mechanisms of action pp. 203 - 214 Human Kinetics Publishers Inc..
The effects of polyphenols in olive leaves on platelet function
Singh, Indu, Mok, Michelle, Christensen, Anne-Marie, Turner, Alan H. and Hawley, John Alan. (2008). The effects of polyphenols in olive leaves on platelet function. Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases. 18(2), pp. 127 - 132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2006.09.001
Skeletal muscle adaptation and performance responses to once a day versus twice every second day endurance training regimens
Yeo, Wee Kian, Paton, Carl D., Garnham, Andrew P., Burke, Louise M., Carey, Andrew L. and Hawley, John Alan. (2008). Skeletal muscle adaptation and performance responses to once a day versus twice every second day endurance training regimens. Journal of Applied Physiology. 105(5), pp. 1462 - 1470. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.90882.2008
Commentary on viewpoint: Exercise and cardiovascular risk reduction: Time to update the rationale for exercise?
Reid, Julianne J. and Hawley, John Alan. (2008). Commentary on viewpoint: Exercise and cardiovascular risk reduction: Time to update the rationale for exercise? Journal of Applied Physiology. 105(2), pp. 772 - 772. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.90362.2008
Metabolic adaptations to training
Hawley, John Alan and Nader, Gustavo A.. (2008). Metabolic adaptations to training. In In M.P. Schwellnus (Ed.). Olympic textbook of medicine in sport pp. 78 - 87 Wiley-Blackwell.
Exercise training-induced improvements in insulin action
Hawley, John Alan and Lessard, S. J.. (2008). Exercise training-induced improvements in insulin action. Acta Physiologica. 192(1), pp. 127 - 135. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-1716.2007.01783.x
Exercise-induced phospho-proteins in skeletal muscle
Deshmukh, A. S., Hawley, John Alan and Zierath, J. R.. (2008). Exercise-induced phospho-proteins in skeletal muscle. International Journal of Obesity. 32(SUPPL.4), pp. S18 - S23. https://doi.org/10.1038/ijo.2008.118
Activation of atypical protein kinase Czeta toward TC10 is regulated by high-fat diet and aerobic exercise in skeletal muscle
Saito, Misato, Lessard, S. J., Rivas, Donato A., Reeder, Donald W., Hawley, John Alan and Yaspelkis, Ben B.. (2008). Activation of atypical protein kinase Czeta toward TC10 is regulated by high-fat diet and aerobic exercise in skeletal muscle. Metabolism: Clinical and experimental. 57(9), pp. 1173 - 1180. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2008.03.023
Commentary on viewpoint: Perspective on the future use of genomics in exercise prescription
Hawley, John Alan. (2008). Commentary on viewpoint: Perspective on the future use of genomics in exercise prescription. Journal of Applied Physiology. 104(4), pp. 1249 - 1249. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00047.2008
Oxidative stress-induced insulin resistance in skeletal muscle cells is ameliorated by gamma-tocopherol treatment
Singh, Indu, Carey, Andrew L., Watson, Nadine, Febbraio, Mark A. and Hawley, John Alan. (2008). Oxidative stress-induced insulin resistance in skeletal muscle cells is ameliorated by gamma-tocopherol treatment. European Journal of Nutrition. 47(7), pp. 387 - 392. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-008-0739-2
High rates of muscle glycogen resynthesis after exhaustive exercise when carbohydrate is coingested with caffeine
Pedersen, David J., Lessard, Sarah J., Coffey, Vernon Glenn, Churchley, Emmanuel G., Wootton, Andrew M., Ng, They, Watt, Matthew J. and Hawley, John Alan. (2008). High rates of muscle glycogen resynthesis after exhaustive exercise when carbohydrate is coingested with caffeine. Journal of Applied Physiology. 105(1), pp. 7 - 13. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.01121.2007
Overweight and obesity in Australia
Hawley, John Alan and Dunstan, David Wayne. (2008). Overweight and obesity in Australia. Medical Journal of Australia. 188(11), pp. 678 - 679.
Fat adaptation followed by carbohydrate restoration increases AMPK activity in skeletal muscle from trained humans
Yeo, Wee Kian, Lessard, Sarah J., Chen, Zhi-Ping, Garnham, Andrew P., Burke, Louise, Rivas, Donato A., Kemp, Bruce Ernest and Hawley, John Alan. (2008). Fat adaptation followed by carbohydrate restoration increases AMPK activity in skeletal muscle from trained humans. Journal of Applied Physiology. 105(5), pp. 1519 - 1526. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.90540.2008
The battle against obesity - Attacking physical inactivity as a primary means of defense
Hawley, John and Dunstan, David. (2008). The battle against obesity - Attacking physical inactivity as a primary means of defense. Nature Reviews Endocrinology. 4(10), pp. 548 - 549. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncpendmet0918