Differences in lower limb strength and structure after 12 weeks of resistance, endurance, and concurrent training
Journal article
Timmins, Ryan G., Shamim, Baubak, Tofari, Paul J., Hickey, Jack T. and Camera, Donny M.. (2020). Differences in lower limb strength and structure after 12 weeks of resistance, endurance, and concurrent training. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 15(9), pp. 1223-1230. https://doi.org/10.1123/IJSPP.2019-0788
Authors | Timmins, Ryan G., Shamim, Baubak, Tofari, Paul J., Hickey, Jack T. and Camera, Donny M. |
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Abstract | Purpose: To investigate strength and structural adaptations after 12 weeks of resistance, endurance cycling, and concurrent training. Methods: Thirty-two healthy males undertook 12 weeks of resistance-only (RT; n = 10), endurance-only (END; n = 10), or concurrent resistance and endurance training (CONC; n = 12). Biceps femoris long head (BFlh) architecture, strength (3-lift 1-repetition maximum), and body composition were assessed. Results: Fascicle length of the BFlh reduced 15% (6%) (P < .001) and 9% (6%) (P < .001) in the END and CONC groups postintervention, with no change in the RT group (−4% [11%], P = .476). All groups increased BFlh pennation angle (CONC: 18% [9%], RT: 14% [8%], and END: 18% [10%]). Thickness of the BFlh increased postintervention by 7% (6%) (P = .002) and 7% (7%) (P = .003) in the CONC and RT groups, respectively, but not in the END group (0% [3%], P = .994). Both the CONC and RT groups significantly increased by 27% (11%) (P < .001) and 33% (12%) (P < .001) in 3-lift totals following the intervention, with no changes in the END cohort (6% [6%], P = .166). No significant differences were found for total body (CONC: 4% [2%], RT: 4% [2%], and END: 3% [2%]) and leg (CONC: 5% [3%], RT: 6% [3%], and END: 5% [3%]) fat-free mass. Conclusions: Twelve weeks of RT, END, or CONC significantly modified BFlh architecture. This study suggests that conventional resistance training may dampen BFlh fascicle shortening from cycling training while increasing strength simultaneously in concurrent training. Furthermore, the inclusion of a cycle endurance training stimulus may result in alterations to hamstring architecture that increase the risk of future injury. Therefore, the incorporation of endurance cycling training within concurrent training paradigms should be reevaluated when trying to modulate injury risk. |
Keywords | fascicle length; cycling; muscle injury; hamstring |
Year | 2020 |
Journal | International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance |
Journal citation | 15 (9), pp. 1223-1230 |
Publisher | Human Kinetics Publishers |
ISSN | 1555-0265 |
Digital Object Identifier (DOI) | https://doi.org/10.1123/IJSPP.2019-0788 |
Scopus EID | 2-s2.0-85095448450 |
Open access | Published as green open access |
Page range | 1223-1230 |
Funder | Australian Catholic University (ACU) |
Author's accepted manuscript | License All rights reserved File Access Level Open |
Publisher's version | License All rights reserved File Access Level Controlled |
Output status | Published |
Publication dates | |
Online | 25 Mar 2020 |
Publication process dates | |
Deposited | 21 May 2021 |
Grant ID | ACU/36331 |
https://acuresearchbank.acu.edu.au/item/8w1v1/differences-in-lower-limb-strength-and-structure-after-12-weeks-of-resistance-endurance-and-concurrent-training
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File access level: Open |
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