Acute effects of dietary nitrate on exercise tolerance, muscle oxygenation, and cardiovascular function in patients with peripheral arterial disease
Journal article
van der Avoort, Cindy M.T., Van Loon, Luc J.C., Verdijk, Lex B., Poyck, Paul P.C., Thijssen, Dick T.J. and Hopman, Maria T.E.. (2021). Acute effects of dietary nitrate on exercise tolerance, muscle oxygenation, and cardiovascular function in patients with peripheral arterial disease. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism. 31(5), pp. 385-396. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.2021-0054
Authors | van der Avoort, Cindy M.T., Van Loon, Luc J.C., Verdijk, Lex B., Poyck, Paul P.C., Thijssen, Dick T.J. and Hopman, Maria T.E. |
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Abstract | Previous studies have used supplements to increase dietary nitrate intake in clinical populations. Little is known about whether effects can also be induced through vegetable consumption. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the impact of dietary nitrate, through nitrate-rich vegetables (NRV) and beetroot juice (BRJ) supplementation, on plasma nitrate and nitrite concentrations, exercise tolerance, muscle oxygenation, and cardiovascular function in patients with peripheral arterial disease. In a randomized crossover design, 18 patients with peripheral arterial disease (age: 73 ± 8 years) followed a nitrate intake protocol (∼6.5 mmol) through the consumption of NRV, BRJ, and nitrate-depleted BRJ (placebo). Blood samples were taken, blood pressure and arterial stiffness were measured in fasted state and 150 min after intervention. Each intervention was followed by a maximal walking exercise test to determine claudication onset time and peak walking time. Gastrocnemius oxygenation was measured by near-infrared spectroscopy. Blood samples were taken and blood pressure was measured 10 min after exercise. Mean plasma nitrate and nitrite concentrations increased (nitrate; Time × Intervention interaction; p < .001), with the highest concentrations after BRJ (494 ± 110 μmol/L) compared with NRV (202 ± 89 μmol/L) and placebo (80 ± 19 μmol/L; p < .001). Mean claudication onset time and peak walking time did not differ between NRV (413 ± 187 s and 745 ± 220 s, respectively), BRJ (392 ± 154 s and 746 ± 176 s), and placebo (403 ± 176 s and 696 ± 222 s) (p = .762 and p = .165, respectively). Gastrocnemius oxygenation, blood pressure, and arterial stiffness were not affected by the intervention. NRV and BRJ intake markedly increase plasma nitrate and nitrite, but this does not translate to improved exercise tolerance, muscle oxygenation, and/or cardiovascular function. |
Keywords | cardiovascular disease; claudication; exercise performance; functional capacity; nitrate-rich vegetables |
Year | 2021 |
Journal | International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism |
Journal citation | 31 (5), pp. 385-396 |
Publisher | Human Kinetics, Inc. |
ISSN | 1526-484X |
Digital Object Identifier (DOI) | https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.2021-0054 |
PubMed ID | 34284348 |
Scopus EID | 2-s2.0-85114106850 |
Research or scholarly | Research |
Page range | 385-396 |
Publisher's version | License All rights reserved File Access Level Controlled |
Output status | Published |
Publication dates | |
Online | 20 Jul 2021 |
Publication process dates | |
Deposited | 24 Nov 2021 |
https://acuresearchbank.acu.edu.au/item/8x1y1/acute-effects-of-dietary-nitrate-on-exercise-tolerance-muscle-oxygenation-and-cardiovascular-function-in-patients-with-peripheral-arterial-disease
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